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9 3 B1.1 Biochemistry and molecular biology + %Ҥǡ .Էʵᾷ鹰ҹ ; 5 Ǵ 1. B1 ѡ÷ (General principle) @ : B1.1.1 Structure, and function of proteins O I B1.1.1.1 principles of protein structure and folding J D B1.1.1.2 enzymes: kinetics, reaction mechanisms e _ B1.1.1.3 structural and regulatory proteins: ligand binding, self-assembly 9 3 B1.1.1.4 regulatory properties V P B1.1.2 Gene expression: DNA structure, replication, and exchange t
n B1.1.2.1 DNA structure: single- and double-stranded DNA, stabilizing forces, supercoiling f ` B1.1.2.2 gene structure and organization: chromosomes, centromere, telomere o i B1.1.2.3 DNA replication, degradation, repair, mutation, activation and inactivation R
L B1.1.2.4 recombination, insertion sequences, transposon ] W B1.1.2.5 mechanisms of genetic exchange, including transformation N H B1.1.3 Gene expression: transcription, including defects W Q B1.1.3.1 transcription of DNA into RNA, RNA, RNA degradation E ? B1.1.3.2 post-transcriptional modification v p B1.1.3.3 regulation: cis-regulatory elements, transcription factors, enhancers, promoters, L F B1.1.4 Gene expression: translation, including defects 4 . B1.1.4.1 the genetic code B < B1.1.4.2 structure and function of tRNA G A B1.1.4.3 structure and function of ribosomes 5 / B1.1.4.4 protein synthesis = 7 B1.1.4.5 regulation of translation D > B1.1.4.6 post-translational modifications ? 9 B1.1.5 Principles of molecular technology x r B1.1.5.1 analysis of DNA: sequencing, restriction analysis, PCR, amplification, hybridization ? 9 B1.1.5.2 plasmids and bacteriophages 0 * B1.1.5.3 gene cloning N H B1.1.5.4 recombinant DNA technology and application Y S B1.1.6 Energy metabolism, including metabolic sequences, regulation u o B1.1.6.1 cellular bioenergetic: thermodynamics, free energy, chemical equilibria and group n ! h B1.1.6.2 tricarboxylic acid cycle, electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation t " n B1.1.6.3 generation of energy from carbohydrates, fatty acids, and essential amino acids; j # d B1.1.6.4 storage of energy: glycogenesis, fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis j $ d B1.1.6.5 generation, expenditure, and storage of energy at the whole-body level M % G B1.1.6.6 protein turnover, protein-calorie balance Z & T B1.1.7 Metabolic pathways of small molecules and associated diseases m ' g B1.1.7.1 biosynthesis and degradation of carbohydrate including fructose, sorbitol g ( a B1.1.7.2 biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids (e.g., phenylketonuria) e ) _ B1.1.7.3 biosynthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides J * D B1.1.7.4 biosynthesis and degradation of lipids N + H B1.1.7.5 biosynthesis and degradation of porphyrins f , ` B1.1.7.6 biosynthesis and degradation of alcohols and other small molecules n - h B1.1.8 Biosynthesis and degradation of other macromolecules and associated abnormalities M . G B1.1.9 Nutrients, vitamins, minerals and trace elements { / u B1.1.9.1 functions of nutrients , including essential fatty acid, trans-fatty acids, cholesterol u 0 o B1.1.9.2 vitamins: structures of vitamins and derivatives of medical important, absorption J 1 D B1.1.9.3 mineral and trace element requirements m 2 g B1.1.9.4 assessment of nutritional status across the life span, including calories & 3 B1.2 Biology of cells c 4 ] B1.2.1 Structure and function of cell components (e.g., endoplasmic reticulum d 5 ^ B1.2.2 Signal transduction (including basic principles, receptors and channels ? 6 9 B1.2.3 Cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion * 7 $ B1.2.4 Cell motility S 8 M B1.2.5 Intracellular sorting (e.g., trafficking, endocytosis) v 9 p B1.2.6 Cellular homeostasis (e.g., turnover, pH maintenance, proteasome, ions, soluble proteins) w : q B1.2.7 Cell cycle (e.g., mitosis, meiosis, structure of spindle apparatus, cell cycle regulation) v ; p B1.2.8 Structure and function of basic tissue components (including epithelial cells, connective q < k B1.2.9 Intracellular accumulations (e.g., pigments, fats, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals a = [ B1.2.10 Adaptive cell response to injury (e.g., hypertrophy and metaplasia) q > k B1.2.11 Mechanisms of cell injury and necrosis, including free radical mediated cell injury ' ? ! B1.2.12 Apoptosis 4 @ . B1.3 Human development and genetics r A l B1.3.1 Embryogenesis: basic programmed gene expression, and developmental regulation of gene w B q B1.3.2 Principles of pedigree analysis, including inheritance patterns, occurrence and recurrence u C o B1.3.3 Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg law, founder effects, mutation-selection equilibrium - D ' B1.4 Normal immune responses , E & B1.4.1 Innate immunity g F a B1.4.2 Production and function of granulocytes, natural killer cells, macrophages ] G W B1.4.3 Production and function of T lymphocytes, T-lymphocyte receptors j H d B1.4.4 Production and function of B lymphocytes and plasma cells, immunoglobulin and s I m B1.4.5 Antigenicity and immunogenicity, antigen presentation, cell activation and regulation, [ J U B1.4.6 Immunologic mediators: chemistry, function, molecular biology, n K h B1.4.7 Immunogenetics: MHC structure and function, erythrocyte antigens, transplantation ? L 9 B1.4.8 Immunizations, protective immunity l M f B1.5 Pathogenesis, pathophysiology, basic pathological process and laboratory investigation ; N 5 B1.5.1 Acute and chronic inflammation K O E B1.5.1.1 acute inflammation and mediator systems M P G B1.5.1.2 bactericidal mechanisms and tissue injury u Q o B1.5.1.3 clinical manifestations (e.g., pain, leukocytosis, fever, leukemoid reaction, and 8 R 2 B1.5.1.4 chronic inflammation D S > B1.5.2 Tissue renewal, regeneration and repair Z T T B1.5.2.1 control of normal cell proliferation and tissue growth N U H B1.5.2.2 mechanism of tissue and organ regeneration R V L B1.5.2.3 healing by repair, scar formation and fibrosis T W N B1.5.3 Hemodynamic disorders, thromboembolic disease and shock ) X # B1.5.3.1 edema < Y 6 B1.5.3.2 hyperemia and congestion . Z ( B1.5.3.3 hemorrhage = [ 7 B1.5.3.4 hemostasis and thrombosis q \ k B1.5.3.5 embolism (e.g., pulmonary, air, fat, bone marrow, amniotic embolism, systemic . ] ( B1.5.3.6 infarction ) ^ # B1.5.3.7 shock . _ ( B1.5.4 Genetic disorders M ` G B1.5.4.1 gene and human diseases (e.g., mutations) q a k B1.5.4.2 congenital abnormalities: principles, patterns of anomalies, dysmorphogenesis q b k B1.5.4.3 genetic mechanisms: chromosomal abnormalities, Mendelian inheritance, complex h c b B1.5.4.3 clinical genetics, including genetic testing, prenatal diagnosis,..) : d 4 B1.5.5 Diseases of the immune system 4 e . B1.5.5.1 immunodeficiency C f = B1.5.5.1.1 primary Immunodeficiency ` g Z B1.5.5.1.1.1 combined immunodeficiency disease (e.g., SCID) ] h W B1.5.5.1.1.2 T cell deficiency (e.g., DiGeorge syndrome) i i c B1.5.5.1.1.3 B cell deficiency (e.g., congenital agammaglobulinemia) c j ] B1.5.5.1.1.4 phagocyte deficiency (e.g., chronic granulomatous G k A B1.5.5.1.1.5 complement deficiency o l i B1.5.5.1.2 secondary Immunodeficiency (e.g., infection, radiation, splenectomy, F m @ B1.5.5.2 immunologically mediated disorders F n @ B1.5.5.2.1 hypersensitivity types I?IV ? o 9 B1.5.5.2.2 autoimmune disorders o p i B1.5.5.2.3 transplantation and graft rejection including graft VS host reaction 4 q . B1.5.5.3 tumor immunology c r ] B1.5.5.4 laboratory investigation (e.g., ELISA, complement fixation RIA, > s 8 B1.5.5.5 principle of immunotherapy & t B1.5.6 Neoplasia H u B B1.5.6.1 classification, histologic diagnosis D v > B1.5.6.2 grading and staging of neoplasms y w s B1.5.6.3 cell biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of neoplastic cells: transformation O x I B1.5.6.4 molecular basis of multistep carcinogenesis i y c B1.5.6.4 carcinogenic agents (e.g., chemical, radiation, and microbial agents) ; z 5 B1.5.6.5 invasion and metastasis ? { 9 B1.5.6.6 host defense against tumors K | E B1.5.6.7 paraneoplastic manifestations of cancer F } @ B1.5.6.8 cancer epidemiology and prevention 0 ~ * B1.5.7 Infectious diseases < 6 B1.5.7.1 microbial classification C = B1.5.7.2 bacteria and bacterial diseases D > B1.5.7.2.1 structure and composition Q K B1.5.7.2.2 metabolism, physiology, and regulation 3 - B1.5.7.2.3 genetics _ Y B1.5.7.2.4 nature and mechanisms of action of virulence factors G A B1.5.7.2.5 pathophysiology of infection C = B1.5.7.2.6 epidemiology and ecology e _ B1.5.7.2.7 principles of cultivation, assay, and laboratory diagnosis w q B1.5.7.2.8 bacterial infection not classified in the system; melioidosis, leptospirosis > 8 B1.5.7.3 viruses and viral diseases K E B1.5.7.3.1 physical and chemical properties 6 0 B1.5.7.3.2 replication 3 - B1.5.7.3.3 genetics e _ B1.5.7.3.4 principles of cultivation, assay, and laboratory diagnosis J D B1.5.7.3.5 molecular basis of pathogenesis G A B1.5.7.3.6 pathophysiology of infection K E B1.5.7.3.7 latent and persistent infections 7 1 B1.5.7.3.8 epidemiology < 6 B1.5.7.3.9 oncogenic viruses k e B1.5.7.3.10 viral diseases not classified in the system; Dengue hemorrhagic ? 9 B1.5.7.4 fungi and fungal infections g a B1.5.7.4.1 structure, physiology, cultivation, and laboratory diagnosis H B B1.5.7.4.2 pathogenesis and epidemiology m g B1.5.7.4.3 fungi and fungal infections not classified in the system; systemic D > B1.5.7.5 parasites and parasitic diseases g a B1.5.7.5.1 structure, physiology, life cycles, and laboratory diagnosis H B B1.5.7.5.2 pathogenesis and epidemiology v p B1.5.7.5.3 parasitic diseases not classified in the system; blood and tissue parasitic Z T B1.5.7.6 principles of sterilization and pure culture technique C = B1.5.8 Environmental and nutritional diseases j d B1.5.8.1 adaptation to environmental extremes, including occupational exposures p j B1.5.8.1.1 physical and associated disorders (e.g., mechanical trauma, radiation q k B1.5.8.1.2 chemical poisoning and therapy (e.g., agricultural hazards, biological 9 3 B1.5.8.2 nutritional disorders G A B1.5.8.2.1 protein-calorie malnutrition N H B1.5.8.2.2 vitamin deficiencies and toxicities ` Z B1.5.8.2.3 mineral and trace element deficiencies and toxicities ^ X B1.5.8.2.4 eating disorders (e.g., obesity, bulimia, anorexia) X R B1.5.8.2.5 alternative diets and nutritional supplements ^ X B1.5.9 Principles of specimen collections and laboratory interpretations m g B1.5.9.1 complete blood count; hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood count, platelet 6 0 B1.5.9.2 reticulocyte count 5 / B1.5.9.3 hemoglobin typing B < B1.5.9.4 inclusion bodies, Heinz bodies U O B1.5.9.5 venous clotting time, clot retraction, clot lysis 5 / B1.5.9.6 coagulation study 1 + B1.5.9.7 bleeding time B < B1.5.9.8 erythrocyte sedimentation rate J D B1.5.9.9 malarial parasite; thick and thin film K E B1.5.9.10 ABO blood group, Rh and cross matching / ) B1.5.9.11 urinalysis J D B1.5.9.12 stool examination, stool occult blood F @ B1.5.9.13 Gram staining, acid fast staining O I B1.5.9.14 KOH smear, Tzanck?s smear, wet preparation M G B1.5.9.15 body fluid analysis (e.g., CSF, pleural) - ' B1.5.9.16 cytology D > B1.5.9.17 culture from clinical specimens F @ B1.5.9.18 antimicrobial susceptibility test o i B1.5.9.19 endocrinologic studies: plasma glucose, HbA1C, oral glucose tolerance test 2 , B1.5.9.20 liver profile 3 - B1.5.9.21 kidney profile 2 , B1.5.9.22 lipid profile 4 . B1.5.9.23 cardiac markers 2 , B1.5.9.24 tumor markers 0 * B1.5.9.25 HIV testing 6 0 B1.5.9.26 serologic studies @ : B1.5.9.27 arterial blood gas analysis 8 2 B1.5.9.28 electrocardiography V P B1.5.9.29 spirometry, peak expiratory flow rate measurement n h B1.6 Gender, ethnic, and behavioral considerations affecting disease treatment and prevention c ] B1.6.1 Progression through the life cycle, including birth through senescence U O B1.6.1.1 normal growth and development through each period h b B1.6.1.2 psychosocial development of infancy, toddlers, preschool, school age k e B1.6.1.3 cognitive, language, motor skills, social and interpersonal development P J B1.6.1.4 sexual development (e.g., puberty, menopause c ] B1.6.1.5 influence of developmental stage on physician/patient interview @ : B1.6.1.6 changes related to pregnancy ; 5 B1.6.1.7 personality development H B B1.6.1.8 physical performance across lifespan 2 , B1.6.1.9 sex and gender d ^ B1.6.1.9.1 gender equity, gender equality, gender discrimination and > 8 B1.6.1.9.2 man and masculinity ] W B1.6.1.9.3 gender and health (link between gender and health) P J B1.6.1.9.4 social determinants of health: gender c ] B1.6.1.9.5 gender analysis, gender bias in medical education and in 7 1 B1.6.1.9.6 human rights = 7 B1.6.1.9.7 gender sensitivity X R B1.6.2 Psychologic and social factors influencing patient behavior c ] B1.6.2.1 personality traits or coping style, including coping mechanisms a [ B1.6.2.2 psychodynamic and behavioral factors, related past experience v p B1.6.2.3 family and cultural factors, including socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and gender g a B1.6.2.4 adaptive and maladaptive behavioral responses to stress and illness p j B1.6.2.5 interactions between the patient and the physician or the health care system W Q B1.6.2.6 patient adherence, including general and adolescent a [ B1.6.3 Patient interviewing, consultation, and interactions with the family H B B1.6.3.1 establishing and maintaining rapport 2 , B1.6.3.2 data gathering k e B1.6.3.3 approaches to patient education including patient?s understanding about O I B1.6.3.4 enticing patients to make lifestyle changes : 4 B1.6.3.5 communicating bad news \ V B1.6.3.6 ?difficult? interviews (e.g., anxious or angry patients) H B B1.6.3.7 multicultural ethnic characteristics j d B1.6.4 Medical ethics, jurisprudence, and professional behavior * (§ӴѺ) @ : B1.6.4.1 principles of medical ethics ? 9 B1.6.4.2 doctor-patient relationship B < B1.6.4.3 codes of conduct and etiquette 0 * B1.6.4.4 human rights 4 . B1.6.4.5 patient autonomy = 7 B1.6.4.6 equity and social justice Q K B1.6.4.7 relationship with the pharmaceutical industry 3 - B1.6.4.8 professionalism L F B1.6.4.9 ethical dilemmas facing medical students [ U B1.6.4.10 principles of research ethics and research publication @ : B1.6.4.11 ethical aspects of genetics Q K B1.6.4.12 ethics of public health and health promotion C = B1.6.5 Health schemes, national drug policies J D B1.6.6 Organization and cost of health care delivery c ] B1.6.7 Concept and utilization of national list of essential medicines (NLEM) + % B1.7 Multisystem processes 3 - B1.7.1 Temperature regulation T N B1.7.2 Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance and disorders 0 * B1.7.3 Exercise physiology > 8 B1.7.4 Sleep health and sleep physiology * $ B1.8 General pharmacology J D B1.8.1 Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic processes o i B1.8.1.1 pharmacokinetics: absorption and bioavailability, distribution, metabolism, c ] B1.8.1.2 pharmacodynamics, mechanisms of drug action, structure-activity q k B1.8.1.3 concentration- and dose-effect relationships (e.g., efficacy, potency), types k e B1.8.1.4 individual factors or special populations altering pharmacokinetics and o i B1.8.1.5 adverse drug effects including contraindication, warning, precautions, side e _ B1.8.1.6 drug development and regulatory issues (e.g., approval scheduling N H B1.8.1.7 pharmacoeconomics and pharmacoepidemiology R L B1.8.1.8 phamarcovigilance (e.g., ADR reporting system) I C B1.8.1.9 concept of rational drug prescription m g B1.8.2 General properties of autacoids, including peptides and analogs, biogenic amines I C B1.8.3 General principles of autonomic pharmacology v p B1.8.4 General properties of antimicrobials, antiparasitic agents including mechanisms of action o i B1.8.5 General properties of antineoplastic agents and immunosuppressants, including drug *
$ B1.9 Quantitative methods * $ B1.9.1 Biostatistics L F B1.9.1.1 statistical concepts in medical practice E
? B1.9.1.2 quantitative and qualitative data 6 0 B1.9.1.3 types of variables ; 5 B1.9.1.4 frequency distributions @ : B1.9.1.5 measures of central tendency : 4 B1.9.1.6 measures of dispersion B < B1.9.1.7 disease frequency, rates, risk 9 3 B1.9.1.8 statistical inference N H B1.9.1.9 hypothesis generation, hypothesis testing, A ; B1.9.1.10 the alpha level and p value, C = B1.9.1.11 type I error and type II error 1 + B1.9.2 Research Methodology S M B1.9.2.1 appraisal and application of medical literature L F B1.9.2.2 foreground and background question, PICO E ? B1.9.2.3 sources and hierarchy of evidence 3 - B1.9.2.4 research design K E B1.9.2.5 study population, sampling, sample size B < B1.9.2.6 sample allocation, concealment 6 0 B1.9.2.7 outcome assessment X R B1.9.2.8 test of statistical significance, clinical important 8 2 B1.9.2.9 confidence intervals V ! P B1.9.2.10 internal validity, external validity, reliability < " 6 B1.9.2.11 impact (size of effect) 2 # , B1.9.2.12 applicability I $ C B1.9.2.13 patient values, patient circumstance = % 7 B1.9.2.14 chance, bias, confounder > & 8 B1.9.2.15 relative risk, odds ratio l ' f B1.9.2.16 sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, likelihood ratio, ROC curve / ( ) B1.9.2.17 compliance C ) = B1.9.2.18 co-intervention, contamination N * H B1.9.2.19 intention to treat, per-protocol analysis r + l B1.9.2.20 target (ultimate), surrogate (intermediate, substitute), outcomes (endpoints) Z , T B1.9.2.21 relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction, NNT A - ; B1.9.2.22 cause and effect association , . & Ǵ 2. èṡк * / $ 2.1 ͧл Q 0 K 2.2 ͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ оҸҾ P 1 J 2.3 ѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵ e 2 _ 2.4 õ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ = 3 7 B2 Hematopoietic and Lymphoreticular Systems O 4 I B2.1 դͧлԢͧкԵԷ ѧ仹 ` 5 Z B2.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes h 6 b B2.1.2 Organ structure and function (bone marrow, lymph node, thymus, spleen) D 7 > B2.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function s 8 m B2.1.3.1 production and function of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, O2 and CO2 transport, m 9 g B2.1.3.2 production and function of leukocytes and the lymphoreticular system M : G B2.1.3.3 production and function of platelets | ; v B2.1.3.4 production and function of coagulation, fibrinolytic factors and natural inhibitors b < \ B2.1.4. Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life u = o B2.2 դͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ оҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵ U > O B2.2.1 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H ? B B2.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ = @ 7 (1) lymphoid hyperplasia G A A (2) incompatible blood transfusion G B A B2.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ D C > (1) autoimmune hemolytic anemia L D F (2) idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura A E ; (3) immune deficiency states K F E (4) allergic purpura (Henoch-Sch?nlein P G J B2.2.2 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions H H B B2.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G I A B2.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ 1 J + (1) lymphoma 1 K + (2) leukemia 0 L * (3) thymoma 9 M 3 (4) multiple myeloma E N ? (5) myeloproliferative disorders D O > B2.2.3 Metabolic and regulatory disorders H P B B2.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ [ Q U (1) nutritional deficiency anemias (iron, folate, B12) d R ^ (2) hereditary hemolytic anemia (thalassemia, G-6-PD deficiency G S A B2.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ b T \ (1) acquired hemolytic anemia (paroxysmal nocturnal hematuria q U k (2) hereditary hemolytic anemia (hemoglobinopathy, hereditary spherocytosis) U V O (3) cytopenia (aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis) W (4) bleeding secondary to coagulation disorder (hemophilia, acquired prothrombin complex deficiency X (5) bleeding secondary to platelet disorder (von Willebrand diseases, acquired platelet dysfunction 4 Y . B2.2.4 Vascular disorders H Z B B2.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G [ A B2.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ = \ 7 (1) deep vein thrombosis l ] f B2.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä @ ^ : B2.3.1 Whole blood and blood products } _ w B2.3.2 Drugs used in nutritional, hypoplastic, hemolytic and renal anemia (anemia of chronic renal K ` E B2.3.3 Drugs used in bone marrow transplantation h a b B2.3.4 Anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, fibrinolytic drugs and hemostatics p b j B2.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ Ѳ e c _ B2.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., barefoot, diet, depression) d d ^ B2.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society (e.g., childhood leukemia j e d B2.4.2 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (e.g., benzene, lead,) Z f T B2.4.3 Gender and ethnic factors (hill tribe, herbal treatment) : g 4 B3 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems K h E B3.1 դͧлԢͧкҷ ѧ仹 w i q B3.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes, including neural tube > j 8 B3.1.2 Organ structure and function p k j B3.1.2.1 spinal cord, including gross anatomy, blood supply, and spinal reflexes w l q B3.1.2.2 brain stem, including cranial nerves and nuclei, reticular formation, anatomy, n m h B3.1.2.3 brain, including gross anatomy and blood supply; cognition, language, n } B3.1.2.4 sensory systems, including proprioception, pain, itching, vision, hearing, balance, taste, u o o B3.1.2.5 motor systems, including brain and spinal cord, basal ganglia and cerebellum A p ; B3.1.2.6 autonomic nervous system 9 q 3 B3.1.2.7 peripheral nerve D r > B3.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function 9 s 3 B3.1.3.1 axonal transport q t k B3.1.3.2 excitable properties of neurons, axons and dendrites, including channels p u j B3.1.3.3 pre- and postsynaptic receptor interactions, trophic and growth factors 5 v / B3.1.3.4 glia, myelin x w r B3.1.3.5 brain homeostasis; blood-brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid formation and flow, a x [ B3.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life y y s B3.2 դͧ ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵آͧ Q z K B3.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders H { B B3.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G | A B3.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ F } @ (1) encephalocoele, hydrocephalus U ~ O B3.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H B B3.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 6 0 (1) poliomyelitis 3 - (2) meningitis B < (3) encephalitis and myelitis / ) (4) rabies 0 * (5) tetanus N H (6) facial nerve paralysis (Bell?s palsy) @ : (7) acute flaccid paralysis r l (8) autoimmune disorders (e.g., Wegener granulomatosis, Goodpasture syndrome) G A B3.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ 6 0 (1) brain abscess 8 2 (2) meningococcemia : 4 (3) myasthenia gravis S M (4) polyneuropathies (Guillain-Barre syndrome) = 7 (5) trigeminal neuralgia D > B3.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H B B3.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ - ' (1) coma 3 - (2) convulsion N H (3) acute increased intracranial pressure > 8 (4) intracrainal bleeding G A B3.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ = 7 (1) head and neck injury P J (2) spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury u o (3) peripheral nerve entrapment (carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome 6 0 (4) hydrocephalus P J B3.2.4 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions H B B3.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B3.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ O I (1) benign and malignant neoplasm of brain D > B3.2.5 Metabolic and regulatory disorders H B B3.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ ; 5 (1) periodic paralysis G A B3.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ 8 2 (1) Reye?s syndrome 1 + (2) myopathy 1 + (3) delirium 7 1 (4) cerebral palsy D > B3.2.6 Vascular and circulatory disorders H B B3.2.6.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B3.2.6.2 äСҡ÷ ~ x (1) cerebrovascular diseases (intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, subarachnoid 8 2 B3.2.7 Degenerative disorders H B B3.2.7.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B3.2.7.2 äСҡ÷ 5 / (1) Parkinsonism < 6 (2) Alzheimer?s disease g a (3) polyneuropathies (systemic diseases, drugs, chemical, alcohol) > 8 (4) peripheral neuropathy 6 0 B3.2.8 Paroxysmal disorders H B B3.2.8.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 1 + (1) epilepsy 9 3 (2) tension headache : 4 (3) migraine headache 7 1 (4) pain syndromes G A B3.2.8.2 äСҡ÷ (1) sleep disorders including narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement, circadian rhyt Y S B3.2.9 Psychopathologic disorders process and their evaluation H B B3.2.9.1 äСҡ÷ͧ B < (1) acute psychosis, delirium B < (2) hyperventilation syndrome : 4 (3) severe depression 8 2 (4) suicide attempt 5 / (5) panic attack B < (6) reaction to severe stress - ' (7) rape k e (8) mental & behavioral disorders due to alcohol, drugs and substances k e (9) depressive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorders c ] (10) physical and sexual abuse of children, adults, and elders G A B3.2.9.2 äСҡ÷ (1) organic mental disorders (dementia, brain damage, systemic diseases, alcohol & substance indu (2) neurotic disorders (phobia, obscessive-compulsive disorders, dissociative or conversion disord = 7 (3) somatoform disorders (4) behavioral and emotional disorders in childhood and adolescence (conduct disorder, tic disorder 6 0 (5) schizophrenia n h (6) mood (affective) disorders; manic episode, bipolar affective disorder (7) behavioral syndromes associated with physiological dysfunction and physical factors (eating dis (8) disorders of adult personality and behavior (aggressive, antisocial, compulsive, hysterical, ob ; 5 (9) mental retardation (10) disorders of psychological development (speech and language disorder, disorder of scholastic B < B3.2.10 Disorder of special senses: Ear I C B3.2.10.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 3 - (1) myringitis = 7 (2) acute otitis externa ; 5 (3) acute otitis media 9 3 (4) impacted cerumen E ? (5) foreign body through orifice H B B3.2.10.2 äСҡ÷ 5 / (1) nasal polyps I C (2) perforation of tympanic membrane = 7 (3) chronic otitis media C = (4) mastoiditis, cholesteatoma D > (5) perichondritis of the pinna R L (6) conductive and sensorineural hearing loss { (7) disorders of vestibular function and vertiginous syndrome (Meniere ?s syndrome, vertigo) (8) benign and malignant neoplasm of larynx, nasopharynx; nasopharyngeal carcinoma, carcinoma of lar B < B3.2.11 Disorder of special senses: Eye I C B3.2.11.1 äСҡ÷ͧ T N (1) eye injury and foreign body on external eye 0 * (2) hyphema I C (3) acute corneal abrasion and ulcer 7 1 (4) acute glaucoma @ : (5) hordeolum and chalazion 7 1 (6) conjunctivitis 3 - (7) pinguecula H B B3.2.11.2 äСҡ÷ (1) disorders of ocular muscles, refraction and accommodation (strabismus, amblyopia, myopia, presb G A (2) dacryostenosis, dacryocystitis 2 , (3) pterygium A ; (4) keratitis, corneal ulcer 0 * (5) uveitis 1 + (6) cataract 1 + (7) glaucoma 4 . (8) retinopathy M G (9) benign and malignant neoplasm of eye l f B3.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä ; 5 B3.3.1 Hypnotics and anxiolytics r l B3.3.2 Drugs used in psychoses and related disorders (antipsychotic drugs and antimanic 6 0 B3.3.3 Antidepressant drugs C = B3.3.4 Central nervous system stimulants X R B3.3.5 Drugs used in nausea, vertigo and vestibular disorders u o B3.3.6 Analgesics and antipyretics including opioid analgesics, drugs for neuropathic pain 0 * B3.3.7 Antiepileptics B < B3.3.8 Drugs used in movement disorders D > B3.3.9 Drugs used in substance dependence u o B3.3.10 Drugs used in neuromuscular disorders (drugs enhancing neuromuscular transmission, 3 - B3.3.11 Eye preparations E ? B3.3.11.1 anti-infective preparations b \ B3.3.11.2 corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory preparations E ? B3.3.11.3 mydriatics and cycloplegics I C B3.3.11.4 drugs for treatment of glaucoma ; 5 B3.3.11.5 local anesthetics : 4 B3.3.12 Drugs acting on the ear o i B3.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ Ѳ { u B3.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., drug abuse, dementia, sleep deprivation, accident J D B3.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society S M B3.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors ; 5 B3.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors 6 0 B4 Skin and Related Connective Tissue k
e B4.1 դͧлԢͧ˹ѧǾѹǢͧ ѧ仹 ` Z B4.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes > 8 B4.1.2 Organ structure and function v
p B4.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function, including barrier functions, thermal regulation, n h B4.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life or ethnicity J D B4.1.5 Skin defense mechanisms and normal flora ~ x B4.2 դͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵آͧԴä U O B4.2.1 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H B B4.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ M G (1) acne, impetigo, cellulitis, abscess, 8 2 (2) wart (verrucae) O I (3) superficial mycoses (tinea, pityriasis ? 9 (4) scabiasis, pediculosis P J (5) urticaria, eczema, dermatitis, alopecia G A B4.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ D > (1) staphylococcal scalded skin 0 * (2) leprosy G A (3) bullous dermatoses (pemphigus, A ; (4) papulosquamous disorders F @ (5) erythema multiforme, erythema D > (6) discoid lupus erythematosus 4 . (7) scleroderma D > B4.2.2 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H ! B B4.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ / " ) (1) ulcers 6 # 0 (2) bites, stings . $ ( (3) wound G % A B4.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ P & J B4.2.3 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions H ' B B4.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ - ( ' (1) cyst L ) F (2) benign neoplasm of skin and related G * A B4.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ 4 + . (1) hemangiomas G , A (2) malignant neoplasm of skin and 4 - . B4.2.4 Vascular disorders H . B B4.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 3 / - (1) vasculitis G 0 A B4.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ : 1 4 (1) Raynaud?s disease ( 2 " B4.2.5 Others H 3 B B4.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ - 4 ' (1) corn 6 5 0 (2) scar, keloid, > 6 8 (3) dyshidrosis, miliaria D 7 > (4) freckles, melasma, vitiligo G 8 A B4.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ k 9 e B4.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä B : < B4.3.1 Anti-infective skin preparations D ; > B4.3.2 Emollient and barrier preparations 7 < 1 B4.3.3 Topical antipruritics 9 = 3 B4.3.4 Topical corticosteroids B > < B4.3.5 Other preparations for psoriasis E ? ? B4.3.6 Preparations for warts and calluses o @ i B4.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ Ѳ ] A W B4.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., sun exposure, acne) \ B V B4.2.2 Influence on person, family, and society (e.g., psoriasis) S C M B4.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors J D D B4.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors (e.g., keloid) @ E : B5 Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue m F g B5.1 դͧлԢͧкд١ Ǿѹ ѧ仹 ` G Z B5.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes > H 8 B5.1.2 Organ structure and function D I > B5.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function [ J U B5.1.3.1 biology of bones, joints, tendons, skeletal muscle K K E B5.1.3.2 exercise and physical conditioning a L [ B5.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life M y B5.2 դͧ ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵آͧԴä Q N K B5.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders H O B B5.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G P A B5.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ 1 Q + (1) clubfoot C R = (2) congenital hip dislocation U S O B5.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H T B B5.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 7 U 1 (1) osteomyelitis, 4 V . (2) pyomyositis I W C (3) tendinitis (de Quervain disease, 8 X 2 (4) costochondritis = Y 7 (5) reactive arthropathy < Z 6 (6) infective arthritis G [ A B5.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ 6 \ 0 (1) osteonecrosis 4 ] . (2) spondylitis = ^ 7 (3) rheumatoid arthritis ; _ 5 (4) juvenile arthritis < ` 6 (5) spondyloarthropathy > a 8 (6) inflammatory myositis > b 8 (7) necrotizing fasciitis D c > B5.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H d B B5.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ E e ? (1) sprains, strains, fractures, = f 7 (2) compartment syndrome G g A B5.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ P h J B5.2.4 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions H i B B5.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G j A B5.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ F k @ (1) benign and malignant neoplasm D l > B5.2.5 Metabolic and regulatory disorders H m B B5.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ O n I (1) crystal arthropathy (gout, pseudogout) G o A B5.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ ; p 5 (2) muscular dystrophy 4 q . B5.2.6 Vascular disorders H r B B5.2.6.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G s A B5.2.6.2 äСҡ÷ H t B (1) vasculitis syndrome (Kawasaki?s R u L B5.2.7 Systemic disorders affecting the musculoskeletal H v B B5.2.7.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G w A B5.2.7.2 äСҡ÷ E x ? (1) systemic lupus erythematosus ( y " B5.2.8 Others H z B B5.2.8.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 7 { 1 (1) osteoarthritis G | A B5.2.8.2 äСҡ÷ C } = (1) spondylolithiasis and disc 5 ~ / (2) osteoporosis H B (3) abnormal curvature of the spine l f B5.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä G A B5.3.1 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs G A B5.3.2 Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs O I B5.3.3 Drugs for treatment of gout and hyperuricemia ] W B5.3.4 Drugs for relief of soft tissue inflammation (rubifacients) ` Z B5.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ n h B5.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., diet, exercise, seat belts, helmets) J D B5.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society o i B5.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (e.g., athletes, musicians) L F B5.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors (e.g., bone mass & B6 Respiratory System J D B6.1 դͧлԢͧк ѧ仹 ` Z B6.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes > 8 B6.1.2 Organ structure and function a [ B6.1.2.1 airways, including mechanics and regulation of breathing h b B6.1.2.2 lung parenchyma, including ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange / ) B6.1.2.3 pleura @ : B6.1.2.4 nasopharynx and sinuses x r B6.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function, including surfactant formation, alveolar structure a [ B6.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life O I B6.1.5 Pulmonary defense mechanisms and normal flora r l B6.2 դͧ ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵ Q K B6.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders H B B6.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B6.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ = 7 (1) cleft lip and palate 7 1 (2) laryngomalacia B < (3) tracheoesophageal fistula = 7 (4) diaphragmatic hernia h b (5) pre-auricular sinus, sinus, cyst and fistula of branchial cleft ? 9 (6) thyroglossal duct cyst U O B6.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H B B6.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 2 , (1) influenza (2) upper respiratory infections (nasopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryng (3) lower respiratory tract infections and pleura and their complications (bronchitis, bronchiolitis 5 / (4) tuberculosis 1 + (5) pleurisy : 4 (6) allergic rhinitis / ) (7) asthma r l (8) autoimmune disorders (e.g., Wegener granulomatosis, Goodpasture syndrome) G A B6.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ 8 2 (1) avian flu, SARS E ? (2) peritonsillar abscess , deep @ : (3) retropharyngeal abscess D > (4) pyothorax (empyemathoracis) ~ x (5) chronic infectious diseases of the lower respiratory tract endemic fungal infections, C = (6) occupational lung diseases (7) acute and chronic alveolar injury (e.g., acute respiratory distress syndrome, chlorine gas/smoke f ` (8) obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis, emphysema) F @ (9) restrictive pulmonary disease D > B6.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H B B6.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 5 / (1) chest injury @ : (2) foreign body aspiration 5 / (3) pneumothorax 3 - (4) hemothorax 4 . (5) atelectasis G A B6.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ C = (1) sleep-disordered breathing P J B6.2.4 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions H B B6.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B6.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ l f (1) benign and malignant neoplasm of upper and lower respiratory tracts A ; B6.2.5 Metabolic, regulatory disorders H B B6.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ < 6 (1) respiratory failure B < (2) hyperventilation syndrome M G (3) respiratory obstruction, suffocation @ : (4) asphyxia of the newborn 7 1 (5) fetal distress t n (6) hypoventilation, disorders of gas exchange, ventilation-perfusion imbalance G A B6.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ O I (1) neonatal respiratory distress syndrome C = (2) bronchopulmonary dysplasia D > B6.2.6 Vascular and circulatory disorders H B B6.2.6.1 äСҡ÷ͧ J D (1) pulmonary edema, pleural effusion G A B6.2.6.2 äСҡ÷ ; 5 (1) pulmonary embolism ? 9 (2) pulmonary hypertension k e B6.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä q k B6.3.1 Bronchodilators (adrenoceptor agonists, compound antimuscarinic bronchodilators 9 3 B6.3.2 Inhaled corticosteroids B < B6.3.3 Leukotriene receptor antagonists 0 * B6.3.4 Antihistamines 7 1 B6.3.5 Pulmonary surfactants u o B6.3.6 Cough preparations (cough suppressants, mucolytics, expectorant and demulcent cough J D B6.3.7 Systemic and topical nasal decongestants Z T B6.3.8 Other respiratory preparations (aromatic ammonia spirit) > 8 B6.3.10 Drugs used in nasal allergy 8 2 B6.3.11 Antituberculous drugs g a B6.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ x r B6.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., smoking, substance abuse, pets, and allergies) { u B6.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society (e.g., tuberculosis, asthma, chronic obstructive p j B6.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (occupational lung diseases) O I B6.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors (e.g., lung cancer) ) # B7 Cardiovascular System S M B7.1 դͧлԢͧкʹʹ ѧ仹 ` Z B7.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes > 8 B7.1.2 Organ structure and function 9 3 B7.1.2.1 chambers, valves c ] B7.1.2.2 cardiac cycle, mechanics, heart sounds, cardiac conduction p j B7.1.2.3 hemodynamics, including systemic, pulmonary, coronary, and blood volume N H B7.1.2.4 circulation in specific vascular beds D > B7.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function { u B7.1.3.1 heart muscle, metabolism, oxygen consumption, biochemistry, and secretory function u o B7.1.3.2 endothelium and secretory function, vascular smooth muscle, microcirculation F @ B7.1.3.3 mechanisms of atherosclerosis u o B7.1.3.4 neural and hormonal regulation of the heart, blood vessels, and blood volume a [ B7.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life k e B7.2 դͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ Q K B7.2.1 Hereditary, Congenital and structural disorders H B B7.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B7.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ I C (1) congenital malformation of heart U O B7.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H B B7.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ > 8 (1) acute rheumatic fever G A B7.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ ? 9 (1) infective endocarditis 4 . (2) myocarditis 5 / (3) pericarditis D > B7.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H B B7.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 5 / (1) anoxic spell : 4 (2) cardiac tamponade G A (3) superior vena cava obstruction G A B7.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ P J (1) valvular heart diseases (mitral, aortic D > B7.2.4 Metabolic and regulatory disorders H B B7.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 5 / (1) hypertension ? 9 (2) malignant hypertension @ : (3) acute coronary syndrome 6 0 (4) heart failure 0 * (5) syncope 7 1 (6) cardiac arrest I
C (7) shock : hypovolemia, cardiogenic G A B7.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ K E (1) hypertensive disorder in pregnancy H
B (2) ischemic heart diseases (angina C = (3) common cardiac arrhythmias ? 9 - atrial fibrillation H B - supraventricular tachycardia M G - premature ventricular contraction H B - premature atrial contraction C = - ventricular tachycardia D > - ventricular fibrillation 7 1 - heart block 4 . B7.2.5 Vascular disorders H B B7.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B7.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ G A (1) aortic aneurysm and dissection J D (2) varicose veins of lower extremity N H (3) peripheral vascular occlusive disease l f B7.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä : 4 B7.3.1 Positive inotropic drugs + % B7.3.2 Diuretics 7 1 B7.3.3 Anti-arrhythmic drugs B < B7.3.4 Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs t ! n B7.3.5 Drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system and some other antihypertensive drugs [ " U B7.3.6 Nitrates, calcium-channel blockers and other vasodilators # y B7.3.7 Inotropic sympathomimetics, vasoconstrictor sympathomimetics and drugs used in cardiopulmonar s $ m B7.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ Ѳ | % v B7.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., diet, obesity, exercise, smoking, alcohol, stress) h & b B7.4.2 Influence on person, family and society (e.g., lifestyle modification) b ' \ B7.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (e.g., stress) P ( J B7.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors (e.g., hypertension) + ) % B8 Gastrointestinal System Q * K B8.1 դͧлԢͧкҧԹ ѧ仹 ` + Z B8.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes ~ , x B8.1.2 Organ structure and function function, including alimentary canal, liver and biliary system, D - > B8.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function i . c B8.1.3.1 endocrine and neural regulatory functions, including GI hormones / y B8.1.3.2 salivary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, hepatic secretory products, including enzymes, Y 0 S B8.1.3.3 synthetic and metabolic functions of hepatocytes a 1 [ B8.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life V 2 P B8.1.5 Gastrointestinal defense mechanisms and normal flora u 3 o B8.2 դͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵آͧ Q 4 K B8.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders H 5 B B8.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G 6 A B8.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ R 7 L (1) disorders of tooth development & eruption E 8 ? (2) hernia (inguinal, umbilical) C 9 = (4) tracheo-esophageal fistula = : 7 (5) diaphragmatic hernia X ; R (6) Hirschprung diseases, imperforateanus, volvulus D < > (7) omphalocoele, gastroschisis U = O B8.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H > B B8.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ { ? u (1) gastroenteritis (cholera, shigellosis, salmonellosis, E.coli, Campylobacter sp,..) F @ @ (2) typhoid and paratyphoid fever q A k (3) intestinal parasites (ascariasis, hookworm infestation, enterobiasis,..) ; B 5 (4) acute appendicitis c C ] (5) oral ulcer (aphthous ulcer, stomatitis, glossitis, thrush) @ D : (6) peptic ulcer, gastritis ? E 9 (7) dyspepsia, esophagitis ; F 5 (8) acute pancreatitis > G 8 (9) acute viral hepatitis A H ; (10) alcoholic liver disease 7 I 1 (11) liver abscess 4 J . (12 ) cirrhosis G K A B8.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ [ L U (1) dental caries, gingivitis and periodontal diseases M y (2) gastroenteritis in compromised host (cryptosporidiosis, isosporosis, microsporidiosis) 9 N 3 (3) chronic diarrhea B O < (4) necrotizing enterocolitis 4 P . (5) peritonitis @ Q : (6) chronic viral hepatitis C R = (7) cholecystitis, cholangitis 9 S 3 (8) perianal abscess D T > B8.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H U B B8.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 5 V / (1) anal fissure A W ; (2) gastro-esophageal reflux G X A B8.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ ? Y 9 (1) intestinal obstruction 9 Z 3 (2) abdominal injury P [ J (3) infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis 7 \ 1 (4) fistula in ano P ] J B8.2.4 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions H ^ B B8.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G _ A B8.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ ` (1) benign and malignant neoplasm of oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, colon, liver and biliary tract.,) D a > B8.2.5 Metabolic and regulatory disorders H b B B8.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ A c ; (1) irritable bowel syndrome G d A B8.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ 7 e 1 (1) cholelithiasis 8 f 2 (2) hepatic failure 4 g . B8.2.6 Vascular disorders H h B B8.2.6.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 4 i . (1) hemorrhoids D j > (2) gastrointestinal hemorrhage G k A B8.2.6.2 äСҡ÷ l l f B8.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä H m B B8.3.1 Antacids and other drugs for dyspepsia V n P B8.3.2 Antispasmodics and other drugs altering gut motility Y o S B8.3.3 Ulcer-healing drugs and drugs used in variceal bleeding > p 8 B8.3.4 Drugs used in acute diarrhea G q A B8.3.5 Drugs used in chronic bowel disorders + r % B8.3.6 Laxatives R s L B8.3.7 Local preparations for anal and rectal disorders G t A B8.3.8 Drugs affecting intestinal secretions G u A B8.3.9 Drugs used in treatment of oral ulcer a v [ B8.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ { w u B8.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., peptic ulcer, encopresis, Monday morning stomach) } x w B8.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel S y M B8.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors I z C B8.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors (e.g., diets) ( { " B9 Renal/Urinary System P | J B9.1 դͧлԢͧкдѧ仹 ` } Z B9.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes > ~ 8 B9.1.2 Organ structure and function K E B9.1.2.1 kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra O I B9.1.2.2 glomerular filtration and hemodynamics n h B9.1.2.3 tubular reabsorption and secretion, including transport processes and K E B9.1.2.4 urinary concentration and dilution N H B9.1.2.5 renal mechanisms in acid-base balance S M B9.1.2.6 renal mechanisms in body fluid homeostasis 4 . B9.1.2.7 micturition v p B9.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function including renal metabolism and oxygen consumption a [ B9.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life d ^ B9.2 դͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡ Q K B9.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders H B B9.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B9.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ : 4 (1) polycystic kidney U O B9.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders H B B9.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 7 1 (1) pyelonephritis > 8 (2) cystitis, urtethritis A ; (3) acute glomerulonephritis ; 5 (4) nephrotic syndrome G A B9.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ C = (1) chronic glomerulonephritis ? 9 (2) interstitial nephritis D > B9.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders H B B9.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ @ : (1) acute urinary retention U O (2) urethral syndrome (e.g., urethral stricture) G A B9.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ F @ (1) obstructive & reflux uropathy 5 / (2) urolithiasis C = (3) genitourinary tract injury O I B9.2.4 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like condition H B B9.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B9.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ d ^ (1) benign and malignant neoplasm of kidney and urinary bladder D > B9.2.5 Metabolic and regulatory disorders H B B9.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 8 2 (1) anuria/oliguria 5 / (2) hyperkalemia G A B9.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ ? 9 (1) renal tubular acidosis 6 0 (2) renal failure 4 . B9.2.6 Vascular disorders H B B9.2.6.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B9.2.6.2 äСҡ÷ > 8 (1) renal artery stenosis W Q B9.2.7 Systemic disorders affecting the Renal/Urinary system H B B9.2.7.1 äСҡ÷ͧ G A B9.2.7.2 äСҡ÷ = 7 (1) diabetic nephropathy 8 2 (2) lupus nephritis l f B9.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä + % B9.3.1 Diuretics m g B9.3.2 Drugs and fluids used to treat volume, electrolyte, and acid-base disorders H B B9.3.3 Drugs for benign prostatic hyperplasia X R B9.3.4 Drugs for urinary frequency, enuresis and incontinence g a B9.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ t n B9.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., drug-induced interstitial nephritis, diet) | v B9.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society (e.g., hemodialysis, living related kidney donati h b B9.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (e.g., heavy metals) q k B9.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors (e.g., disease progression, urinary tract infections) = 7 B10 Reproductive System and Perinatal Period h b B10.1 դͧлԢͧкѹллԡԴѧ仹 m g B10.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal growth and development, and perinatal changes ? 9 B10.1.2 Organ structure and function L F B10.1.2.1 female structure, including breast _ Y B10.1.2.2 female function - menstrual cycle, puberty, menopause 8 2 B10.1.2.3 male structure R L B10.1.2.4 male function - spermatogenesis, puberty = 7 B10.1.2.5 intercourse, orgasm y s B10.1.2.6 pregnancy, including labor and delivery, the puerperium, lactation, gestational y B10.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function including hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, sex steroi Z T B10.1.4 Reproductive system defense mechanisms and normal flora b \ B10.1.5 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life e _ B10.2 դͧ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡ R L B10.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders I C B10.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ H B B10.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ : 4 (1) imperforate hymen 4 . (2) hypospadias ; 5 (3) undescended testis < 6 (4) ambiguous genitalia V P B10.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders I C B10.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ s m (1) sexually transmitted disease (syphilis,gonococcal infection, chancroid,..) P J (2) Bartholinitis & abscess, Bartholin cyst 7 1 (3) vulvovaginitis 3 - (4) cervicitis o i (5) pelvic inflammatory disease (endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis,..) B < (6) orchitis and epididymitis 3 - (7) urethritis B < (8) phimosis and paraphimosis A ; (9) mastitis, breast abscess R L (10) perinatal infections (hepatitis B virus) H B B10.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ { u (1) Intrauterine and perinatal infections (rubella, syphilis, gonococcal infection,..) E ? B10.2.3 Traumatic and mechanical disorders I C B10.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ < 6 (1) stress incontinence 5 / (2) foreign body H B B10.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ L F (1) hydrocoele of testis, spermatocoele : 4 (2) torsion of testis j d (3) female genital prolapse (cystocoele, rectocoele, prolapse uterus) P J (4) fistula involving female genital tracts P J B10.2.4 Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like condition I C B10.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ @ : (1) hyperplasia of prostate 7 1 (2) cervical polyp H B B10.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ : 4 (1) hydatidiform mole 8 2 (2) choriocarcinoma | v (3) benign and malignant neoplasm of breast, vulva, uterus, cervix, ovary, placenta,..) E ? B10.2.5 Metabolic and regulatory disorders I C B10.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ < 6 (1) menstrual disorders < 6 (2) menopausal syndrome M G (3) abnormal uterine or vaginal bleeding H B B10.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ 6 0 (1) endometriosis n h B10.2.6 Disorders relating to pregnancy, the puerperium, and the post partum period H B B10.2.7.2 äСҡ÷ : 4 (1) ectopic pregnancy ; 5 (2) multiple gestation K E (3) hypertensive disorder in pregnancy 8 2 (4) septic abortion < 6 (5) dead fetus in utero e _ (6) antepartum hemorrhage (placenta previa, abruption placentae) : 4 (7) chorio-amnionitis > 8 (8) postpartum hemorrhage C = (10) amniotic fluid aspiration = 7 (11) puerperal infection I C B10.2.7.1 äСҡ÷ͧ 1 + (1) abortion ? 9 (2) hyperemesis gravidarum T N (3) breast infection associated with childbirth e _ (4) disorders of breast and lactation associated with childbirth 8 2 (5) uterine rupture D > B10.2.7 Disorders in the perinatal period I
C B10.2.8.1 äСҡ÷ͧ ; 5 (1) perinatal jaundice H B B10.2.8.2 äСҡ÷ H
B (1) respiratory distress in newborn m g B10.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä Z T B10.3.1 Prostaglandins, prostaglandin antagonists and oxytocics 7 1 B10.3.2 Myometrial relaxants 1 + B10.3.4 Contraceptives Q K B10.3.5 Other methods of contraception (e.g., condoms) _ Y B10.3.6 Estrogen, progestogen replacement and treatment of menopause I C B10.3.9 Stimulators and inhibitors of location 5 / B10.3.10 Male sex hormones q k B10.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ Ѳ i c B10.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., sexually transmitted diseases) _ Y B10.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society (e.g., infertility) f ` B10.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (e.g., radiation) d ^ B10.4.4 Family planning and pregnancy (e.g., unwanted, teenage pregnancy) Y S B10.4.5 Gender identity, sexual orientation, sexuality, libido d ^ B10.4.6 Effects of traumatic stress syndrome, violence, rape, child abuse % B11 Endocrine System O I B11.1 դͧлԢͧкʹѧ仹 a [ B11.1.1 Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes ? 9 B11.1.2 Organ structure and function _ ! Y B11.1.2.1. hypothalamus, posterior and anterior pituitary gland 8 " 2 B11.1.2.2. thyroid gland = # 7 B11.1.2.3. parathyroid glands J $ D B11.1.2.4. adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla < % 6 B11.1.2.5. pancreatic islets ; & 5 B11.1.2.6. ovary and testis 9 ' 3 B11.1.2.7. adipose tissue m ( g B11.1.3 Cell/tissue structure and function, including hormone synthesis, secretion : ) 4 B11.1.3.1 peptide hormones O * I B11.1.3.2 steroid hormones, including vitamin D : + 4 B11.1.3.3 thyroid hormones @ , : B11.1.3.4 catecholamine hormones B - < B11.1.3.5 renin-angiotensin system b . \ B11.1.4 Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life w / q B11.2 դͧ ˵ ҸԡԴ ҸԷ ҸҾ ʹѡԹԨ˵آͧ R 0 L B11.2.1 Hereditary, congenital and structural disorders I 1 C B11.2.1.1 äСҡ÷ͧ H 2 B B11.2.1.2 äСҡ÷ 8 3 2 (1) ectopic thyroid V 4 P B11.2.2 Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders I 5 C B11.2.2.1 äСҡ÷ͧ I 6 C (1) thyrotoxicosis (Graves? disease) 6 7 0 (2) toxic adenoma H 8 B B11.2.2.2 äСҡ÷ 4 9 . (1) thyroiditis R : L B11.2.3. Neoplastic disorders and tumor-like conditions I ; C B11.2.3.1 äСҡ÷ͧ H < B B11.2.3.2 äСҡ÷ Y = S (1) benign and malignant neoplasm of endocrine gland E > ? B11.2.4 Metabolic and regulatory disorders I ? C B11.2.4.1 äСҡ÷ͧ P @ J (1) diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemic crisis 5 A / (2) hypoglycemia e B _ (3) thyroid disorders; goiter, iodine deficiency, hypothyroidism ; C 5 (4) metabolic syndrome @ D : (5) thyroid crisis or storm H E B B11.2.4.2 äСҡ÷ n F h (1) pituitary, hypothalamus, parathyroid, pancreatic islet disorders, ..) ; G 5 (2) Cushing?s syndrome n H h (3) Addison?s disease, pituitary gland disorders, diabetes insipidus, ..) > I 8 (4) cerebral salt wasting l J f (5) syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 7 K 1 B11.2.5 idiopathic disorders I L C B11.2.5.1 äСҡ÷ͧ H M B B11.2.5.2 äСҡ÷ 2 N , (1) hirsutism ) O # B11.2.6 Others I P C B11.2.6.1 äСҡ÷ͧ Z Q T (1) disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and lipidemia H R B B11.2.6.2 äСҡ÷ m S g B11.3 դͧѡѡѡ 㹺ѭѡ觪ҵԢͧä ` T Z B11.3.1 Drugs used in diabetes (insulins and oral antidiabetic drugs) I U C B11.3.2 Thyroid hormones and antithyroid drugs 2 V , B11.3.3 Corticosteroids { W u B11.3.4 Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones (including posterior pituitary hormones antagonists) B X < B11.3.5 Drugs affecting bone metabolism u Y o B11.3.6 Other endocrine drugs (bromocriptine, other dopaminergic drugs and drugs affecting 8 Z 2 B11.3.7 Lipid lowering agents q [ k B11.4 ˹ѡ֧ӤѭͧĵԡآҾ ͪҵ Ҫվ ɰԨ ѧ Ѳ } \ w B11.4.1 Emotional and behavioral factors (e.g., compliance in diabetes mellitus, factitious use of K ] E B11.4.2 Influence on person, family, and society v ^ p B11.4.3 Occupational and other environmental risk factors (e.g., radiation exposure, iodine < _ 6 B11.4.4 Gender and ethnic factors = ` 7Ҥǡ .öҧԪҪվзѡзҧԹԡ e a _ Ǵ 1 лѡôŷ (Normal conditions and general principles of care) x b r 1.1 դöͧҧآҾ кԺآҾ آҾͧؤ лЪҪ ^ c X 1.2 öǺ лԹѭآҾͧؤ ͺ 㹤 M d G 1.2.1 Measures of health, illness and disease frequency ; e 5 1.2.1.1 prevalence and incidence @ f : 1.2.1.2 adjusted (standardized) rates W g Q 1.2.1.2.1 mortality rates (direct and indirect methods) 9 h 3 1.2.1.2.2 morbidity rates : i 4 1.2.1.3 demographic life tables 9 j 3 1.2.1.4 the population pyramid 3 k - 1.2.1.5 vital statistics 1 l + 1.2.2 Determining causation < m 6 1.2.2.1 cause-effect relationship : n 4 1.2.2.2 measures of association 7 o 1 1.2.2.2.1 relative risk 4 p . 1.2.2.2.2 odds ratio > q 8 1.2.2.2.3 incidence rate ratio 6 r 0 1.2.2.2.4 hazard ratio M s G 1.2.2.3 research designs for determining causation 6 t 0 1.2.2.3.1 cohort study < u 6 1.2.2.3.2 case-control study ? v 9 1.2.2.3.3 cross-sectional study U w O 1.2.3 Evaluating the accuracy of screening and diagnostic tests M x G 1.2.3.1 sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio Q y K 1.2.3.2 receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves E z ? 1.2.3.3 pre-test and post-test probability = { 7 1.2.3.4 evaluation of study method . | ( 1.2.4 Therapeutic trials E } ? 1.2.4.1 evaluation of therapeutic efficacy J ~ D 1.2.4.1.1 relative risk reduction/increase J D 1.2.4.1.2 absolute risk reduction/increase @ : 1.2.4.1.3 number needed to treat ? 9 1.2.4.1.4 number needed to harm J D 1.2.4.2 research designs for therapeutic trials E ? 1.2.4.2.1 randomized controlled trial I C 1.2.4.2.2 non-randomized controlled trial 3 - 1.2.4.3 analysis methods E ? 1.2.4.3.1 intention to treat analysis ? 9 1.2.4.3.2 Per-protocol analysis . ( 1.2.5 Systematic reviews D > 1.2.5.1 identifying and selecting studies B < 1.2.5.2 quality of evidence assessments P J 1.2.5.3 combining the findings of independent studies C = 1.2.5.4 variation between study findings G A 1.2.5.5 summerizing and interpreting results G A 1.2.6 Economic evaluation of health care services 7 1 1.2.6.1 measurement of costs 6 0 1.2.6.2 outcomes assessment N H 1.2.6.2.1 disability-Adjusted-Life Year (DALY) K E 1.2.6.2.2 quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) J D 1.2.6.3 research designs for therapeutic trials E ? 1.2.6.3.1 cost-effectiveness analysis ? 9 1.2.6.3.2 cost-utility analysis ? 9 1.2.6.3.3 cost-benefit analysis H B 1.2.6.4 decision making in health care policy . ( 1.2.7 Ethics in research @ : 1.2.7.1 ethical theory and principles ` Z 1.2.7.2 balancing the benefits and harms of participation in research A ; 1.2.7.3 ethical issues in study design ? 9 1.2.7.4 informed consent in research > 8 1.2.7.5 institutional review boards E ? 1.2.7.6 selection of research participants 0 * 1.2.8 Research methodology ? 9 1.2.8.1 study design and methodology K E 1.2.8.1.1 clinical trials, community trials f ` 1.2.8.1.2 cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, case series, surveys, : 4 1.2.8.1.3 ecological study [ U 1.2.8.1.4 advantages and disadvantages of different designs C = 1.2.8.2 subject eligibility and sampling 5 / 1.2.8.2.1 sample size ^ X 1.2.8.2.2 randomization, self-selection, systematic assignment Y S 1.2.8.3 outcome assessment; primary outcome, secondary outcome S M 1.2.8.4 bias : selection, misclassification, confounding 8 2 1.2.8.5 statistical inference X R 1.2.8.5.1 hypothesis generation, hypothesis testing, and O I 1.2.8.5.2 validity: internal/ external validity S M 1.2.8.5.3 statistical significance and type I error M G 1.2.8.5.4 statistical power and type II error M G 1.2.8.5.6 statistical power and type II error 3 - 1.2.9 Evidence-based medicine q k 1.2.9.1 asking focused questions: translation of uncertainty to an answerable question h b 1.2.9.2 finding the evidence: systematic retrieval of best evidence available { u 1.2.9.3 critical appraisal: testing evidence for validity, clinical relevance, and applicability X R 1.2.9.4 making a decision: application of results in practice \ V 1.2.9.5 evaluating performance: auditing evidence-based decisions o i 1.3 öԹآҾ йӷͤآҾ ؤŵеҧ ! 1.3.1 Fetus ? 9 1.3.1.1 fetal growth and development 1 + 1.3.2 Infancy and childhood D > 1.3.2.1 infant feeding and breast-feeding I C 1.3.2.2 normal physical growth and development I C 1.3.2.3 cognitive and psychosocial development M G 1.3.2.4 infant-parent and child-parent interaction F @ 1.3.2.5 changing child-parent relationships G A 1.3.2.6 physician-child-parent communication e _ 1.3.2.7 well-baby care, well child care including breast- feeding guidance ' ! 1.3.3 Adolescence , & 1.3.3.1 sexuality A ; 1.3.3.2 individualization and identity N H 1.3.3.3 physical and psychosocial change of puberty 9 3 1.3.3.4 adolescent health care % 1.3.4 Adulthood V P 1.3.4.1 normal physical and mental development and function 4 . 1.3.4.2 stress management , & 1.3.4.3 pregnancy 3 - 1.3.4.4 lactating mother > 8 1.3.4.5 male and female climacteric , & 1.3.4.6 menopause & 1.3.5 Senescence T N 1.3.5.1 physical and mental changes associated with aging N H 1.3.5.2 emotional, social, and cultural adaptations 2 , 1.3.5.3 death and dying & 1.3.6 Disability Y S 1.3.6.1 physical and mental changes associated with disability r l 1.4 §ѹͧآҾؤšѺآҾͺ ԹѲҡлѭآҾͧͺ k e 1.5 öǨآҾ ǨѴͧä ͡˹ѧѺͧҧ J D 1.5.1 Person without complaint or reported diagnosis Q K 1.5.2 Examination and encounter for administrative purposes ; 5 1.5.3 Routine general health check-up T N 1.5.4 Special screening examination for diseases and disorders ; 5 1.5.5 Carriers of infectious diseases N H 1.5.6 Contact with and exposure to communicable diseases ( " 1.5.7 Immunization 4 . 1.5.8 Contraceptive management y s 1.6 öǨͷ˹ѧѺͧǡѺ ԡзؾҾ ͧ c ] 1.7 öѹٵþԡȾ ѵؾҹҡȾ Ѻѡҹͺǹ ¡˹ r l 1.8 öкػѭ ǷҧԺѵԧǪʵ () С·Ǣͧ () d ^ Ǵ 2 мԴԨṡк (Individual organ systems or types of disorders) D > 2.1 ҡ / ѭӤѭ (ICD10 XVIII, R00 - R69) 2.1.1 . ( 2.1.2 ç G A 2.1.3 Ǵ ֹ ¹ ˹״ & 2.1.4 мԴٻ 2 , 2.1.5 ԭԺ + % 2.1.6 ԹԴá ; 5 2.1.7 ˹ѡ ˹ѡŴŧ 3 - 2.1.8 غѵ˵ ѵѴ 3 - 2.1.9 Ǵѹ ʹ͡ÿѹ 5 / 2.1.10 Ǵͧ 蹷ͧ ͧ״ / ) 2.1.11 ͧ ͧ I C 2.1.12 ¹ ¹ʹ 2 , 2.1.13 ֡ ѡ Ӻҡ H B 2.1.14 ͧԹ ͧ١ بʹ بд ' ! 2.1.15 㹷ͧ O I 2.1.16 ç ѡ еء ʵ _ Y 2.1.17 Ǵѧ Ǵ Ǵµ Ǵд١ Ǵ Ǵᢹ Ǵ - ' 2.1.18 ͽ״֧ ͵Դ G A 2.1.19 纤 Ѵ١ ١ ʹ͡ h b 2.1.20 ʹ ͺ˹ 㨢Ѵ ˹͡ Ǥ # 2.1.21 ù k e 2.1.22 Ӻҡ ʺѴ к ռԴ 鹻 9 3 2.1.23 ͡ ͡ P J 2.1.24 ʹ 繡Ǵ 繿ͧ . ( 2.1.25 ˹ͧҡͻ / ) 2.1.26 źdz H B 2.1.27 ѹ ˹ѧ¹ ǧ C = 2.1.28 ˹ѧ ҹ 0 * 2.1.29 մ ͧ > 8 2.1.30 ʹ شʹ͡ ʹ͡ . ( 2.1.31 ѹͧʹ G A 2.1.32 駤 駺ص ҡպص պصҡ 0 * 2.1.33 ʹ͡ҧͧʹ < 6 2.1.34 ШԴ ǴШ 4 . 2.1.35 ʹ˹ Թ˹ d ^ 2.1.36 ͧ ᴧ Ǵ ͧѴ Һʹ Ҿ J D 2.1.37 ԹŴŧ § ˹ͧŨҡ z t 2.1.38 ˧ش˧Դ ҷ դԴŧԴ Ѻ ´ Եѧ Դʾ N H 2.1.39 ǧԴ ǧԴҧ С÷س Y S 2.2 ä//ҡéءԹ (ءк) (ICD10 XVIII, R00 - R69) *
$ 2.2.1 Cardiac arrest + % 2.2.2 Pulmonary edema 2 , 2.2.3 Malignant hypertension Q
K 2.2.4 Shock; hypovolemic, anaphylactic, septic, cardiogenic Q K 2.2.5 Ruptured and threatening ruptured dissecting aneurysm 3 - 2.2.6 Acute coronary syndrome - ' 2.2.7 Cardiac tamponade ( " 2.2.8 Anoxic spell / ) 2.2.9 Respiratory failure A ; 2.2.10 Respiratory obstruction, suffocation 9 3 2.2.11 Acute exacerbation of asthma ) # 2.2.12 Pneumothorax ; 5 2.2.13 Superior vena cava obstruction 1 + 2.2.14 Hyperglycemic crisis ) # 2.2.15 Hypoglycemia @ : 2.2.16 Disseminated intravascular clotting 3 - 2.2.17 Acute hemolytic crisis ; 5 2.2.18 Incompatible blood transfusion M G 2.2.19 Acute psychosis, delirium, aggression (violence) 6 0 2.2.20 Hyperventilation syndrome . ( 2.2.21 Severe depression , & 2.2.22 Suicide attempt ) # 2.2.23 Panic attack 6 ! 0 2.2.24 Reaction to severe stress = " 7 2.2.25 Acute corneal abrasion and ulcer + # % 2.2.26 Acute glaucoma , $ & 2.2.27 Anuria/oliguria 4 % . 2.2.28 Acute urinary retention ) & # 2.2.29 Hyperkalemia - ' ' 2.2.30 Obstructed labor 7 ( 1 2.2.31 Threatened uterine rupture < ) 6 2.2.32 Severe pre-eclampsia, eclampsia 5 * / 2.2.33 Prolapsed umbilical cord ! + 2.2.34 Rape ! , 2.2.35 Coma $ - 2.2.36 Syncope ' . ! 2.2.37 Convulsion B / < 2.2.38 Acute increased intracranial pressure 4 0 . 2.2.39 Asphyxia of the newborn + 1 % 2.2.40 Fetal distress * 2 $ 2.2.41 Acute abdomen z 3 t 2.2.42 Serious bleeding; massive bleeding; gastrointestinal, intracranial bleeding, hyphema, antepar P 4 J 2.2.43 Acute poisoning; drugs, food, chemicals, substances + 5 % 2.2.44 Bites & stings g 6 a 2.2.45 Injury /accident; head & neck injury, fracture, dislocation, body and limb 7 2.3 äк T 8 N 2.3.1 INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES (ICD10, I A00-B99) - 9 ' 2.3.1.1 2 m : g (1) gastroenteritis (e.g., cholera, shigellosis, salmonellosis, E.coli, virus A ; ; (2) typhoid and paratyphoid fever q < k (3) intestinal parasites (e.g., ascariasis, hookworm infestation, enterobiasis... 0 = * (4) tuberculosis / > ) (5) melioidosis 1 ? + (6) leptospirosis + @ % (7) tetanus . A ( (8) diphtheria . B ( (9) septicemia u C o (10) sexually transmitted disease (e.g., syphilis, gonococcal infection, chancroid... O D I (11) typhus fever (scrub typhus, murine typhus) 2 E , (12) poliomyelitis + F % (13) rabies Q G K (14) Dengue hemorrhagic fever & Chikungunya fever 6 H 0 (15) varicella, zoster = I 7 (16) herpes simplex infection f J ` (17) viral exanthemata (e.g., measles, rubella, erythema infectiosum.. : K 4 (18) acute viral hepatitis * L $ (19) mumps = M 7 (20) infectious mononucleosis i N c (21) superficial mycoses (e.g., tinea, pityriasis versicolor, candidosis) , O & (22) malaria 3 P - (23) whooping cough T Q N (24) ectoparasitic diseases : scabiasis, pediculosis h R b (25) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections including acquired .. - S ' 2.3.1.2 3 W T Q (1) systemic mycoses (e.g., candidiasis, cryptococcosis r U l (2) tissue parasitic diseases (e.g., trichinosis, cysticercosis, gnathostomiasis.. 1 V + (3) leprosy, yaws = W 7 (4) cytomegalovirus infection + X % (5) anthrax 0 Y * (6) gas gangrene Z z (7) gastroenteritis in compromised host (e.g., isosporosis, microsporidiosis, cryptospirodiosis) ; [ 5 (8) chronic viral hepatitis R \ L (9) meningococcemia, streptococcus suis septicemia < ] 6 2.3.2 NEOPLASM (ICD10, II C00-D48) - ^ ' 2.3.2.1 2 S _ M (1) benign neoplasm of skin and subcutaneous tissue - ` ' 2.3.2.2 3 a | (1) benign and malignant neoplasm of oral cavity, larynx, nasopharynx, eyes, esophagus, stomach... V b P (2) malignant neoplasm of skin and subcutaneous tissue z c t 2.3.3 DISEASES OF BLOOD & BLOOD FORMING ORGANS AND DISORDERS INVOLVING THE IMMUNE MECHANISM (ICD 1 - d ' 2.3.3.1 2 [ e U (1) nutritional deficiency anemias (e.g., iron folate, B12) / f ) (2) thalassemia 3 g - (3) G6PD deficiency - h ' 2.3.3.2 3 [ i U (1) hemolytic anemias (e.g., autoimmune hemolytic anemia... f j ` (2) coagulation defects (e.g., hemophilia, consumptive coagulopathy... 3 k - (3) agranulocytosis 3 l - (4) aplastic anemia G m A (5) idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura < n 6 (6) immune deficiency states S o M (7) acquired platelet dysfunction with eosinophilia O p I (8) allergic purpura (Henoch Schonlein purpura) c q ] 2.3.4 ENDOCRINE, NUTRITIONAL, AND METABOLIC DISEASE (ICD 10, IV E00 - E90) - r ' 2.3.4.1 2 * s $ (1) goiter 5 t / (2) iodine deficiency 2 u , (3) thyrotoxicosis ; v 5 (4) thyroid crisis or storm 2 w , (5) hypothyroidism 5 x / (6) diabetes mellitus ? y 9 (7) protein-energy malnutrition I z C (8) vitamin deficiency (A, B, C, D, E, K) U { O (9) disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and lipidemia , | & (10) obesity 7 } 1 (11) metabolic syndrome ~ ~ (12) disorders of fluid, electrolytes, and acid-base balance (e.g., acidosis, alkalosis, hyponatremi - ' 2.3.4.2 3 / ) (1) thyroiditis 6 0 (2) Cushing?s syndrome ~ (3) other hormonal disorders (e.g., Addison?sdisease, pituitary gland disorders, diabetes insipidus, 9 3 (4) cerebral salt wasting _ Y (5) syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone Q K 2.3.5 MENTAL& BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS (ICD10, V F00 - F99) - ' 2.3.5.1 2 f ` (1) mental & behavioral disorders due to alcohol, drugs and substances f ` (2) depressive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorders - ' 2.3.5.2 3 ~ (1) organic mental disorders (e.g., dementia, brain damage, systemic diseases, alcohol & substance i | (2) neurotic disorders (e.g., phobia, obscessive-compulsive disoreders, dissociative or conversion 8 2 (3) somatoform disorders } (4) behavioral and emotional disorders in childhood and adolescence (e.g., conduct disorder, tic di 1 + (5) schizophrenia k e (6) mood (affective) disorders : manic episode, bipolar affective disorders } (7) behavioral syndromes associated with physiological dysfunction and physical factors (e.g., eati } (8) disorders of adult personality and behavior (e.g., aggressive, antisocial, compulsive, hysteric 6 0 (9) mental retardation } (10) disorders of psychological development (e.g., speech and language disorder, disorder of schola T N 2.3.6 DISORDERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM (ICD10, VI G00 - G99) - ' 2.3.6.1 2 . ( (1) meningitis 4 . (2) tension headache ; 5 (3) encephalitis & myelitis 6 0 (4) periodic paralysis ; 5 (5) acute flaccid paralysis , & (6) epilepsy , & (7) migraine I C (8) facial nerve paralysis (Bell?s palsy) - ' 2.3.6.2 3 1 + (1) brain abscess n h (2) peripheral nerve entrapment (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel) 5 / (3) myasthenia gravis , & (4) myopathy G A (5) hemiplegia, paraplegia, tetraplegia 2 , (6) Reyes syndrome 1 + (7) hydrocephalus 2 , (8) cerebral palsy 0 * (9) parkinsonism 9 3 (10) Alzheimer?s diseases i c (11) polyneuropathies (e.g., systemic diseases, drugs, chemical, alcohol) O I (12) polyneuropathies (Guillain-Barre syndrome) 9 3 (13) trigeminal neuralgia W Q 2.3.7 DISORDERS OF THE EYE AND ADNEXA (ICD 10, VII H00 - H59) - ' 2.3.7.1 2 ; 5 (1) hordeolum and chalazion 2 , (2) conjunctivitis . ( (3) pinguecula - ' 2.3.7.2 3 { (1) disorders of ocular muscles, refraction & accommodation (e.g., strabismus, amblyopia, myopia, B < (2) dacryostenosis, dacryocystitis - ' (3) pterygium < 6 (4) keratitis, corneal ulcer + % (5) uveitis , & (6) cataract , & (7) glaucoma / ) (8) retinopathy ^ X 2.3.8 DISORDERS OF THE EAR & MASTOID PROCESS (ICD 10, VIII H60 - H95) - ' 2.3.8.1 2 . ( (1) myringitis 8 2 (2) acute otitis externa 6 0 (3) acute otitis media 4 . (4) impacted cerumen - ' 2.3.8.2 3 D > (1) perforation of tympanic membrane 8 2 (2) chronic otitis media > 8 (3) mastoiditis, cholesteatoma ? 9 (4) perichondritis of the pinna M G (5) conductive and sensorineural hearing loss { u (6) disorders of vestibular function and vertiginous syndrome(Meniere ?s syndrome, vertigo) [ U 2.3.9 DISORDERS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (ICD10, IX I 00 ? I 99) - ' 2.3.9.1 2 9 3 (1) acute rheumatic fever 0 * (2) hypertension 1 + (3) heart failure / ) (4) hemorrhoids - ' 2.3.9.2 3 R L (1) valvular heart diseases (mitral, aortic valve) j d (2) ischemic heart diseases (e.g., angina pectoris, myocardial infarction) | (3) common cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, premature 6 0 (4) pulmonary embolism : 4 (5) infective endocarditis = 7 (6) pericarditis, myocarditis G A (7) varicose veins of lower extremities } (8) cerebrovascular diseases (e.g., intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, subarachnoid hem 8 2 (9) deep vein thrombosis C = (10) aortic aneurysm and dissection J D (11) peripheral arterial occlusive disease W Q 2.3.10 DISORDERS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (ICD 10, X J00-J99) . ( 2.3.10.1 2 - ' (1) influenza 5 / (2) allergic rhinitis * $ (3) asthma } (4) upper respiratory infections (nasopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryng } (5) lower respiratory infections (bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, bronchiectasi 0 * (6) pneumothorax > 8 (7) pleurisy, pleural effusion / ) (8) atelectasis . ( 2.3.10.2 3 3 - (1) avian flu, SARS N H (2) peritonsillar abscess, deep neck infection @ : (3) pyothorax (empyema thoracis) 7 1 (4) respiratory failure G A (5) acute respiratory distress syndrome / ) (6) nasal polyp > 8 (7) occupational lung diseases > 8 (9) sleep-disordered breathing U O 2.3.11 DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (ICD10, XI K00-K93) . ( 2.3.11.1 2 d ^ (1) oral ulcer (e.g., aphthous ulcer, stomatitis, glossitis, thrush) ; 5 (2) peptic ulcer, gastritis : 4 (3) dyspepsia, esophagitis < 6 (4) gastro-esophageal reflux < 6 (5) irritable bowel syndrome 0 * (6) anal fissure ; 5 (7) alcoholic liver disease - ' (8) cirrhosis 1 + (9) liver abscess 7 1 (10) acute pancreatitis @ : (11) gastrointestinal hemorrhage . ( 2.3.11.2 3 M G (1) disorders of tooth development & eruption T N (2) dental caries, gingivitis & periodontal diseases @ : (3) hernia (inguinal, umbilical) N H (4) cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, cholangitis K E (5) infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis : 4 (6) intestinal obstruction 2 , (7) fistula in ano 4 . (8) perianal abscess / ) (9) peritonitis 5 / (10) chronic diarrhea 4 . (11) hepatic failure Z T 2.3.12 DISORDERS OF SKIN&SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE (ICD10, XII L00-L99) . ( 2.3.12.1 2 , & (1) impetigo 1 + (2) lymphadenitis . ( (3) cellulitis +
% (4) abscess 9 3 (5) dermatitis and eczema - ' (6) urticaria (
" (7) acne 9 3 (8) dyshidrosis, miliaria 6 0 (9) corn, keloid, scar ) # (10) wart * $ (11) ulcer ) # (12) cyst . ( 2.3.12.2 3 U O (1)) bullous dermatoses (e.g., pemphigus, pemphigoid) n h (2) papulosquamous disorders (e,g, psoriasis, pityriasis rosea, lichen planus) z (3) erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, Steven-Johnson?s syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis H B (4) staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome ? 9 (5) discoid lupus erythematosus . ( (6) sclerodema w q 2.3.13 DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ICD 10, XIII M00 - M99) . ( 2.3.13.1 2 1 + (1) osteomyelitis / ) (2) pyomyositis 7 1 (3) infective arthritis } (4) tendinitis (e.g., de Quervain disease, bursitis, synovitis, fasciitis, myofascial pain syndrome 3 - (5) costochondritis J ! D (6) crystal arthropathy (gout, pseudogout) 1 " + (7) osteoarthriti . # ( 2.3.13.2 3 8 $ 2 (1) rheumatoid arthritis 6 % 0 (2) juvenile arthritis 1 & + (3) osteonecrosis 7 ' 1 (4) spondyloarthropathy G ( A (5) spondylolithiasis and disc syndrome / ) ) (6) spondylitis 0 * * (7) osteoporosis C + = (8) abnormal curvature of the spine @ , : (9) systemic lupus erythematosus : - 4 (10) inflammatory myositis : . 4 (11) necrotizing fasciitis w / q (12) vasculitis syndrome (e.g., Kawasaki?s disease, polyarthritis nodosa, drug induced) ` 0 Z 2.3.14 DISORDERS OF THE GENITO- URINARY SYSTEM (ICD 10, XIV N00 - N99) . 1 ( 2.3.14.1 2 9 2 3 (1) cystitis, urtethritis 5 3 / (2) urethral syndrome = 4 7 (3) orchitis and epididymitis ; 5 5 (4) hyperplasia of prostate ; 6 5 (5) phimosis / paraphimosis , 7 & (6) mastitis K 8 E (7) Bartholinitis & abscess, Bartholin cyst 2 9 , (8) cervical polyp 2 : , (9) vulvovaginitis / ; ) (10) cervicitis < } (11) pelvic inflammatory disease (e.g.,endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, tubo-ovarian abscess) 8 = 2 (12) menstrual disorders I > C (13) abnormal uterine or vaginal bleeding 8 ? 2 (14) menopausal syndrome = @ 7 (15) acute glomerulonephritis 7 A 1 (16) nephrotic syndrome 3 B - (17) pyelonephritis 8 C 2 (18) stress incontinence . D ( 2.3.14.2 3 > E 8 (1) chronic glomerulonephritis : F 4 (2) interstitial nephritis : G 4 (3) renal tubular acidosis A H ; (4) obstructive & reflux uropathy 1 I + (5) renal failure 7 J 1 (6) hydrocele of testis 0 K * (7) urolithiasis 1 L + (8) endometriosis 5 M / (9) imperforate hymen k N e (10) female genital prolapse (e.g.,cystocoele, rectocoele, prolapse uterus) L O F (11) fistula involving female genital tracts ` P Z 2.3.15 PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH, AND THE PUERPERIUM (ICD 10, XV O00 - O99) . Q ( 2.3.15.1 2 O R I (1) breast infection associated with childbirth ` S Z (2) disorders of breast and lactation associated with childbirth 6 T 0 (3) low risk pregnancy , U & (4) abortion : V 4 (5) hyperemesis gravidarum 3 W - (6) normal delivery I X C (7) trauma to birth canal during delivery . Y ( 2.3.15.2 3 b Z \ (1) umbilical cord complication (e.g., prolapse cord, vasa previa) 3 [ - (2) prolonged labor 5 \ / (3) shoulder dystocia 5 ] / (4) ectopic pregnancy 6 ^ 0 (5) multiple gestation 7 _ 1 (6) dead fetus in utero 3 ` - (7) missed abortion 3 a - (8) septic abortion 5 b / (9) hydatidiform mole I c C (10) pregnancy with medical complications g d a (11) antepartum hemorrhage (e.g., placenta previa, abruption placentae) G e A (12) hypertensive disorder in pregnancy O f I (13) malposition & malpresentation of the fetus b g \ (14) premature (prelabour) rupture of membranes, chorio-amnionitis 8 h 2 (15) prolonged pregnancy 8 i 2 (16) puerperal infection : j 4 (17) postpartum hemorrhage m k g 2.3.16 CERTAIN CONDITIONS ORIGINATING IN THE PERINATAL PERIO (ICD 10, XVI P00 - P95) . l ( 2.3.16.1 2 2 m , (1) birth asphyxia ~ n x (2) transitory metabolic disorders (e.g.,hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypothermia, dehydration) ? o 9 (3) feeding problems of newborn 0 p * (4) birth trauma L q F (5) perinatal infections (hepatitis B virus) 6 r 0 (6) perinatal jaundice . s ( 2.3.16.2 3 L t F (1) slow fetal growth and fetal malnutrition R u L (2) prematurity, low birth weight, pre-term infant 4 v . (3) post-term infant C w = (4) respiratory distress in newborn z x t (5) intrauterine and perinatal infections (e.g.,rubella, syphilis, gonococcal infection... ~ y x 2.3.17 CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS, DEFORMATIONS AND CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES (ICD 10, XVII Q00 - Q99) . z ( 2.3.17.1 2 . { ( 2.3.17.2 3 A | ; (1) encephalocoele, hydrocephalus K } E (2) pre-auricular sinus, sinus, fistula and ; ~ 5 (3) cyst of branchial cleft D > (4) congenital malformation of heart ; 5 (5) cleft lip, cleft palate : 4 (6) thyroglossal duct cyst 2 , (7) laryngomalacia > 8 (8) tracheo-esophageal fistula 8 2 (9) diaphragmatic hernia T N (10) Hirschprung disease, imperforate anus, volvulus @ : (11) omphalocoele, gastroschisis D > (12) hypospadias, undescended testis 8 2 (13) ambiguous genitalia k e (14) chromosomal abnormalities (e.g.,Down?s syndrome, trisomy18, trisomy13) - ' (15) clubfoot ? 9 (16) congenital hip dislocation m g 2.3.18 INJURY, POISONING AND CONSEQUENCES OF EXTERNAL CAUSES (ICD 10, XIX S00 - T98) . ( 2.3.18.1 2 ) # (1) wound 8 2 (2) compartment syndrome O I (3) eye injury and foreign body on external eye ; 5 (4) animal bites and stings R L (5) toxic effects of contact with venomous animals , & (6) fracture 0 * (7) dislocations P J (8) muscle & tendon injuries (sprains & strains) A ; (9) foreign body through orifices * $ (10) burns O I (11) corrosions, heat stroke, electrical injury 2 , (12) near-drowning Z T (13) poisoning & intoxication by drugs, substances, toxins k e (14) maltreatment syndrome (e.g.,child abuse, sexual abuse, battered child) . ( 2.3.18.2 3 0 * (1) chest injury 4 . (2) abdominal injury > 8 (3) genitourinary tract injury / ) (4) head injury K E (5) spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury ` Z 2.3.19 EXTERNAL CAUSES OF MORBIDITY & MORTALITY (ICD 10, XX V01 - Y98) . ( 2.3.19.1 2 / ) (1) nosocominal 7 1 (2) transport accidents ) # (3) falls U O (4) exposure to smoke, fire and flames, electrocution A ; (5) exposure to biological hazard z (6) exposure to forces of nature (e.g., natural heat or cold, sunlight, victim of lightning, ... s m (7) intention self-harm e.g., crashing of motor vehicle, hanging and suffocation... } w (8) problems related to life-style e.g., tobacco use, alcohol and biological substance use... l f (9) drugs, medicaments and biological substances causing adverse effects ... x r (10) medical devices associated with adverse incidents in diagnostic and therapeutic use < 6 (11) work-related conditions O I (12) environmental-pollution-related conditions . ( 2.3.19.2 3 l f Ǵ 3 ѡСõǨ õǨҧͧԺѵԡС÷ѵ (Technical and procedural skills) < 6 3.1 õǨҧͧԺѵԡСõǨ & 3.1.1 Hematocrit z t 3.1.2 Blood smear: differential white blood cell count, red cell morphology, platelet estimate and m - ' 3.1.3 Malarial parasite B < 3.1.4 ABO blood group, Rh and cross matching M G 3.1.5 Venous clotting time, clot retraction, clot lysis * $ 3.1.6 Urine analysis C = 3.1.7 Body fluid analysis, e.g., CSF, pleural A ; 3.1.8 Stool examination, stool occult blood = 7 3.1.9 Gram staining, acid fast staining G A 3.1.10 KOH smear, Tzanck?s smear, wet preparation 1 + 3.1.11 Tuberculin skin test 0 * 3.1.12 Electrocardiography > 8 3.1.13 Growth and development assessment C = 3.1.14 Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring ) # 3.2 õǨҧѧԷ ' ! 3.2.1 Chest x-ray ) # 3.2.2 Plain abdomen % 3.2.3 Plain KUB - ' 3.2.4 Skull and sinuses , & 3.2.5 Bones and joints 7 1 3.2.6 Lateral soft tissue of neck " 3.3 õǨ N H 3.3.1 Hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count , & 3.3.2 Red cell indices . ( 3.3.3 Reticulocyte count : 4 3.3.4 Inclusion bodies, Heinz bodies - ' 3.3.5 Hemoglobin typing : 4 3.3.6 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate - ' 3.3.7 Coagulation study ) # 3.3.8 Bleeding time ; 5 3.3.9 Culture from clinical specimens A ; 3.3.10 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing % 3.3.11 Cytology z t 3.3.12 Endocrinologic studies: plasma glucose, HbA1C, Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), postprandi * $ 3.3.13 Liver profile + % 3.3.14 Kidney profile * $ 3.3.15 Lipid profile , & 3.3.16 Cardiac markers C = 3.3.17 Forensic and toxicology trace evidence ( " 3.3.18 HIV testing . ( 3.3.19 Serologic studies 8 2 3.3.20 Arterial blood gas analysis N H 3.3.21 Spirometry, peak expiratory flow rate measurement ' ! 3.3.22 Audiometry ? 9 3.3.23 Computerized axial tomography scan 7 1 3.3.24 Magnetic resonance imaging ( " 3.3.25 Mammography / ) 3.3.26 Radionuclide study 7 1 3.3.27 Barium contrast GI studies X R 3.3.28 Intravascular contrast studies: arterial and venous studies - ' 3.3.29 Echocardiography * $ 3.3.30 Tumor markers 1 + 3.3.31 Bone mineral density ^ X 3.4 ÷ѵ÷ǹ㹡ѭآҾдѺѵ 8 2 дѺ 1 ѵþ鹰ҹҧԹԡ M G ӴѺ 1 Advanced cardio-pulmonary resuscitation \ V 99.60 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, not otherwise specified J D 99.62 Other electric countershock of heart B < 99.63 Closed chest cardiac massage L F 93.93 Nonmechanical methods of resuscitation D > ӴѺ 2 Aerosol bronchodilator therapy V P 93.94 Respiratory medication administered by nebulizer / ) ӴѺ 3 Amniotomy z 73.09 Other artificial rupture of membranes, artificial rupture of membranes at time of delivery < 6 ӴѺ 4 Anterior nasal packing T N 21.01 Control of epistaxis by anterior nasal packing 7 1 ӴѺ 5 Arterial puncture > 8 38.98 Other puncture of artery i c ӴѺ 6 Aspiration of skin, subcutaneous tissue and bursa (elbow and ankle) P J 86.01 Aspiration of skin and subcutaneous tissue 9 3 83.94 Aspiration of bursa F @ ӴѺ 7 Biopsy of skin, superficial mass L F 86.11 Biopsy of skin and subcutaneous tissue K E ӴѺ 8 Blood and blood component transfusion O I 99.0x Transfusion of blood and blood components F @ 99.03 Other transfusion of whole blood A ; 99.04 Transfusion of packed cells > 8 99.05 Transfusion of platelets H B 99.06 Transfusion of coagulation factors @ : 99.07 Transfusion of other serum 8 2 ӴѺ 9 Breathing exercise 8 2 93.18 Breathing exercise 9 3 ӴѺ 10 Capillary puncture H B 38.99 Other puncture of vein, phlebotomy 6 0 ӴѺ 11 Cervical biopsy W Q 67.12 Other cervical biopsy, punch biopsy of cervix NOS ; 5 ӴѺ 12 Debridement of wound Y
S 86.22 Excisional debridement of wound, infection, or burn Q K 86.27 Debridement of nail, nail bed, or nail fold [ U 86.28 Nonexcisional debridement of wound, infection or burn >
8 ӴѺ 13 Endotracheal intubation D > 96.04 Insertion of endotracheal tube 1 + ӴѺ 14 Episiotomy Y S 73.6 Episiotomy, Episiotomy with subsequent episiorrhaphy h b ӴѺ 15 Excision of benign tumor and cyst of skin and subcutaneous tissue | v 86.3 Other local excision or destruction of lesion or tissue of skin and subcutaneous tissue 9 3 ӴѺ 16 External splinting ; 5 93.54 Application of splint N H ӴѺ 17 First aid management of injured patient 5 / ӴѺ 18 Gastric gavage 4 . 96.35 Gastric gavage 9 3 ӴѺ 19 Gastric irrigation M G 96.34 Other irrigation of (naso-)gastric tube 5 / ӴѺ 20 Gastric lavage 4 . 96.33 Gastric lavage < 6 ӴѺ 21 Incision and drainage b \ 86.04 Other incision with drainage of skin and subcutaneous tissue g a ӴѺ 22 Injection: intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous d ^ 99.1x Injection or infusion of therapeutic or prophylactic substance j d 99.2x Injection or infusion of other therapeutic or prophylactic substance q ! k 99.3x Prophylactic vaccination and inoculation against certain bacterial diseases m " g 99.4x Prophylactic vaccination and inoculation against certain viral diseases G # A 99.5x Other vaccination and inoculation S $ M ӴѺ 23 Insertion and removal of intrauterine device S % M 69.7 Insertion of intrauterine contraceptive device R & L 97.71 Removal of intrauterine contraceptive device A ' ; ӴѺ 24 Intravenous fluid infusion K ( E 99.18 Injection or infusion of electrolytes = ) 7 ӴѺ 25 Joint aspiration, knee F * @ 81.91 Arthrocentesis, joint aspiration Q + K ӴѺ 26 Local infiltration and digital nerve block a , [ 04.81 Injection of anesthetic into peripheral nerve for analgesia 6 - 0 ӴѺ 27 Lumbar puncture 0 . * 03.31 Spinal tap K / E ӴѺ 28 Marsupialization of Bartholin?s cyst Q 0 K 71.23 Marsupialization of Bartholins gland (cyst) M 1 G ӴѺ 29 Measurement of central venous pressure H 2 B 89.62 Central venous pressure monitoring = 3 7 ӴѺ 30 Nasogastric intubation L 4 F 96.07 Insertion of other (naso-)gastric tube 3 5 - ӴѺ 31 Normal labor u 6 o 73.59 Other manually assisted delivery, assisted spontaneous delivery, Crede maneuver 5 7 / ӴѺ 32 Oxygen therapy M 8 G 93.96 Other oxygen enrichment, oxygen therapy 0 9 * ӴѺ 33 PAP smear 8 : 2 91.46 Papanicolaou smear 3 ; - ӴѺ 34 Phototherapy U < O 99.83 Other phototherapy, phototherapy of the newborn = = 7 ӴѺ 35 Polypectomy (cervical) a > [ 67.39 Other excision or destruction of lesion or tissue of cervix 8 ? 2 ӴѺ 36 Postural drainage U @ O 93.99 Other respiratory procedures, postural drainage S A M ӴѺ 37 Removal of foreign body from vagina in adult g B a 98.17 Removal of intraluminal foreign body from vagina without incision 4 C . ӴѺ 38 Skin traction B D < 93.46 Other skin traction of limbs 2 E , ӴѺ 39 Stomal care b F \ 97.04 Replacement of tube or enterostomy device of large intestine L G F ӴѺ 40 Strengthening and stretching exercise @ H : 93.1x Physical therapy exercises D I > 93.27 Stretching of muscle or tendon 6 J 0 ӴѺ 41 Stump bandaging F K @ 93.56 Application of pressure dressing - L ' ӴѺ 42 Suture \ M V 86.59 Closure of skin and subcutaneous tissue of other sites E N ? ӴѺ 43 Umbilical vein catheterization D O > 38.92 Umbilical vein catheterization ? P 9 ӴѺ 44 Urethral catheterization N Q H 57.94 Insertion of indwelling urinary catheter 6 R 0 ӴѺ 45 Vaginal packing 5 S / 96.14 Vaginal packing 2 T , ӴѺ 46 Venesection 4 U . 38.94 Venous cutdown 3 V - ӴѺ 47 Venipuncture H W B 38.99 Other puncture of vein, phlebotomy 5 X / ӴѺ 48 Wound dressing [ Y U 86.28 Nonexcisional debridement of wound, infection or burn S Z M 96.59 Other irrigation of wound, wound cleaning NOS = [ 7 ӴѺ 49 Abdominal paracentesis S \ M 54.91 Percutaneous abdominal drainage, paracentesis C ] = ӴѺ 50 Basic mechanical ventilation M ^ G 96.7x Other continuous mechanical ventilation P _ J ӴѺ 51 Cervical dilatation and uterine curettage F ` @ 69.0x Dilation and curettage of uterus R a L ӴѺ 52 Contraceptive drug implantation and removal b b \ 99.23 Injection of steroid, subdermal implantation of progesterone R c L ӴѺ 53 Incision and curettage (external hordeolum) U d O 08.09 Other incision of eyelid, incision of hordeolum ; e 5 ӴѺ 54 Intercostal drainage ` f Z 34.04 Insertion of intercostal catheter for drainage, chest tube ? g 9 ӴѺ 55 Manual vacuum aspiration D h > 69.5x Aspiration curettage of uterus P i J ӴѺ 56 Neonatal resuscitation and transportation \ j V 99.60 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, not otherwise specified B k < 99.63 Closed chest cardiac massage L l F 93.93 Nonmechanical methods of resuscitation 5 m / ӴѺ 57 Perineorrhaphy R n L 75.69 Repair of other current obstetric laceration O o I 71.71 Suture of laceration of vulva or perineum A p ; ӴѺ 58 Plaster of Paris technique ? q 9 93.53 Application of other cast ; r 5 ӴѺ 59 Pleural paracentesis 3 s - 34.91 Thoracentesis O t I ӴѺ 60 Removal of foreign body from conjunctiva r u l 98.22 Removal of embedded foreign body from eyelid or conjunctiva without incision G v A ӴѺ 61 Removal of foreign body from ear d w ^ 98.11 Removal of intraluminal foreign body from ear without incision H x B ӴѺ 62 Removal of foreign body from nose e y _ 98.12 Removal of intraluminal foreign body from nose without incision J z D ӴѺ 63 Removal of foreign body from throat _ { Y 98.13 Removal of intraluminal foreign body from pharynx without S | M ӴѺ 64 Removal of foreign body from vagina in child g } a 98.17 Removal of intraluminal foreign body from vagina without incision N ~ H ӴѺ 65 Removal of nail, nail bed, or nail fold M G 86.23 Removal of nail, nail bed, or nail fold 8 2 ӴѺ 66 Skeletal traction D > 93.43 Intermittent skeletal traction = 7 93.44 Other skeletal traction A ; ӴѺ 67 Tubal ligation & resection q k 66.32 Other bilateral ligation and division of fallopian tubes, pomeroy operation 0 * ӴѺ 68 Amniotomy 73.01 Induction of labor by artificial rupture of membranes Excludes: artificial rupture of membranes afte 3 - ӴѺ 69 Appendectomy 8 2 47.09 Other appendectomy = 7 ӴѺ 70 Bone marrow aspiration P J 41.38 Other diagnostic procedures on bone marrow A ; ӴѺ 71 Breech assistance delivery P J 72.52 Other partial (assisted) breech extraction 3 - ӴѺ 72 Circumcision 1 + 64.0 Circumcision K E ӴѺ 73 Closed reduction of simple fractures \ V 79.0x Closed reduction of fracture without internal fixation f ` ӴѺ 74 General anesthesia for uncomplicated patient for simple surgery > 8 ӴѺ 75 Joint aspiration, other F @ 81.91 Arthrocentesis, joint aspiration F @ ӴѺ 76 Low transverse cesarean section B < 74.1 Low cervical cesarean section A ; ӴѺ 77 Manual removal of placenta H B 75.4 Manual removal of retained placenta > 8 ӴѺ 78 Needle biopsy of breast U O 85.11 Closed [percutaneous] [needle] biopsy of breast 8 2 ӴѺ 79 Peritoneal lavage 7 1 54.25 Peritoneal lavage > 8 ӴѺ 80 Posterior nasal packing ^ X 21.02 Control of epistaxis by posterior (and anterior) packing G A ӴѺ 81 Reduction of simple dislocations E ? 79.7x Closed reduction of dislocation d ^ ӴѺ 82 Removal of embedded foreign body from cornea without incision c ] 98.21 Removal of superficial foreign body from eye without incision H B ӴѺ 83 Repair of extensor tendon of hand J D 82.45 Other suture of other tendon of hand 4 . ӴѺ 84 Salpingectomy S M 66.62 Salpingectomy with removal of tubal pregnancy 5 / ӴѺ 85 Suprapubic tap H B 57.11 Percutaneous aspiration of bladder 3 - ӴѺ 86 Tracheostomy d ^ 31.1 Temporary tracheostomy, Tracheotomy for assistance in breathing V P ӴѺ 87 Ultrasonography, abdomen in traumatic condition Z T 88.76 Diagnostic ultrasound of abdomen and retroperitoneum E ? ӴѺ 88 Ultrasonography, gravid uterus L F 88.78 Diagnostic ultrasound of gravid uterus 8 2 ӴѺ 89 Vacuum extraction 7 1 72.7x Vacuum extraction I C ӴѺ 90 Cervical spine and pelvic traction D > 93.21 Manual and mechanical traction = 7 ӴѺ 91 Low forceps extraction J D 72.1 Low forceps operation with episiotomy : 4 ӴѺ 92 Peritoneal dialysis 9 3 54.98 Peritoneal dialysis 5 / ӴѺ 93 Pleural biopsy 4 . 34.24 Pleural biopsy 8 2 ӴѺ 94 Spinal anesthesia ] W 03.91 Injection of anesthetic into spinal canal for analgesia 0 * ӴѺ 95 Vasectomy / ) 63.73 Vasectomy h b дѺ 2 ѵ÷դѺѵþ鹰ҹ դӤѭ͡ѡҼ P J дѺ 3 ѵ÷դѺ Ҩ㹡óշ h b дѺ 4 ѵ÷դѺ / ҨԴѹ 繵ͧ¡ý֡ - 'Ҥǡ .آҾСҧآҾ J D 1 ǤԴ鹰ҹ (Fundamental concepts of health promotion) @ : 1.1 ѪҴҹ ?آҾ? ( Philosophy of health) 4 . 1.1.1 ͺӹͧآҾ P J 1.1.2 ǤԴͧҧآҾʹյ Ѩغѹ Ҥ y s 1.1.3 ᵡҧҧҧآҾ (health promotion) Сûͧѹä (disease prevention v p 1.1.4 §ͧآҾдѺҧ آҾдѺؤ(individual health) дѺͺ S M 1.2 ѡâͧҧآҾ (Principles of health promotion) q k 1.2.1 ҵԢͧäФ纻 (Natural history of disease and illness) Сûͧѹ x r 1.2.2 ӨӡѴ ѡ СطͧҧآҾ (Definition, principles and strategies j d 1.3 ѹҧ ҧآҾ, ûͧѹä, آ֡Сäͧ l f 1.4 Ѩ¡˹آ( Health determinants) : Ѩ´ҹѨਡؤ Ѩ´ҹǴ _ Y 2 ûԹآҾ Ըա÷ҧкҴԷ Ѵآ оĵԡآҾ / ) 3 آ֡ (Health education) Y S 3.1 ٻẺҧлԷҾ (Models, approaches and its effectiveness) M G 3.2 Ѩ·ԷԾŵͤѺҹآҾС纻 F @ 3.3 ѲҡС¹ŧĵԡآҾǹؤ h b 3.4 Ǫʵáͧ: ѡɳС͡ѧẺҧ ŢͧǴ C = 4 кԺآҾͧ(Thai health care system) d ^ 4.1 ᵡҧФӤѭͧǪԺѵẺҧкȢͧúԡ÷ҧᾷ Z T 4.2 ҸóآŰҹ (Primary health care) 鹶֧ ôآҾͧ @ : 4.3 кآҾ觪ҵ (National health system) S M 4.4 кѡСѹآҾ觪ҵ (National health security system) > 8 4.5 кԡآҾ (Health services system) z t 4.5.1 çҧͧúԡ (Structure of health care) ФѹͧǪԺѵдѺҧк ? 9 4.5.2 ԡ (Health care delivery) ~ x 4.5.2.1 ûͧѹФǺä㹪 (preventive health services and disease control in community) l f 4.5.2.2 آ֡СآҾ (health education/health communication) d ^ 4.5.2.3 ôѡ ͧѹ ҧآҾ п鹿ҾʶҹҺ ~ x 4.5.2.4 úԺآҾҹ (home health care) ç¹ (school health care) ШҡûСͺ D > 4.5.3 èѴôҹآҾ (Health management ) V P 4.5.3.1 кû֡ҧԪҪվ (consultative services) e _ 4.5.3.2 ûԹкԡآҾ (evaluation of health service system) h b 4.5.3.3 кǨлԹآҾ㹪 (health surveys and assessment) l f 4.5.3.4 кѧ§ҹä (disease surveillance and reporting systems) Y S 4.5.3.5 ѡǡѺʹ¢ͧ (patient safety) u o 4.5.4 觷ѾҡôҹآҾ (Resources in health) :ؤҡ( man) , ʴػó (material), G A 4.5.5 èѴáԹҹآҾ (Health finance) H B 5 鹰ҹҧɰʵԹԡɰʵҸóآ k e 6 طҹҧآҾͧҧ/ѧдѺؤѧ Y S 7 ǷҧҧآҾ觵ҧ (Approaches of health promotion) U O 7.1 Ъҡ (population group) ( age), ( gender) K E 7.2 ǢآҾ (health issues) (nutrition) q k 7.3 觷 (settings) ͺ(healthy family), ç¹( health promoting school) h b 8 ТͺѧѺǡѺҧآҾ ( Law and regulation on health promotion) N H 9 ҷͧᾷẺСᾷҧ͡ռŵآҾ g a 10 ҷͧԪҪվҢ(multi-professions and multidisciplinary)㹡ҧآҾ K E 11 º¡آҾдѺҤͧҧ Ҥǡ .Ǫʵ J D 1 ѡâͧ¸ҧᾷ (principles of medical ethics) N H 2 ѹҧᾷѺ (doctor-patient relationship) > 8 3 /ѵҳѵԢͧ (patient autonomy) 1 + 4 Ѻͧ (confidentiality) ; 5 5 Դ¤ԧ (truth telling/disclosure) 8 2 6 ԹѧѺҺ (informed consent) H B 7 õѴԹ㨪ǧش¢ͧԵ (end of life decisions) + % 8 ԷԼ (patient rights) O I 9 § ФصԸҧѧ(equity and social justice) J D 10 Ťоĵҷ (codes of conduct and etiquette) 0 * 11 ԪҪվ (professionalism) A ; 12 ҷԹͷҧᾷ (medical negligence) A ; 13 оĵԼԴҧԪҪվ (professional misconduct) M G 14 Դ¤ԴҴҧᾷ (disclosure of medical error) g a 15 ҡ㨷ҧ¸ѡ֡ᾷʺ (ethical dilemmas facing medical students) b \ 16 ѹѺصˡѪѳ (relationship with the pharmaceutical industry) s m 17 ǡѺٻԺآҾͧѰẺ͡ (issues related to the privatization of heal o i 18 ԧ¸ǡѺ¡ԭѹ (ethical issues related to reproductive health) r l 19 ԧ¸㹡ôѡҼµԴͪäʹ (ethical aspects of treating S M 20 ԧ¸ǡѺѹʵ (ethical aspects of genetics) i c 21 ¸ǡѺúԨҤ͡û١ (ethics of transplantation/organ donation) s m 22 ԧ¸㹡ôѡҼ·ջѭҴҹԵ (ethical aspects of treating the mentally Z T 23 ԧ¸㹡ôѡ (ethical issues in treating children) b \ 24 èѴ÷ѾҡкԺآҾ (resource allocation in the health care system) p j 25 ¸ǡѺҸóآСҧآҾ(ethics of public health and health promotion) s m 26 ԧ¸ǡѺûԺѵԵ͡ᾷк (ethical issues of dealing with other syst s
m 27 ѡâͧ¸ԨСõվŧҹԨ (principles of research ethics and research p j 28 ʶҹóҧԹԡ Ҥ (any other specific regional clinical situations) m gҤǡ .СͺԪҪվǪͧդö лСͺԪҪվǪ١ͧ V
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